Physical SciencesSpecialization of Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences

Best institutions to study Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences

CIP 40.0699

Any instructional program in geological and related sciences not listed above.

87 U.S. institutions graduated 946 Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences students in 2024–25 (IPEDS). It is CIP 40.0699, a specialization of Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences (CIP 40.06), and leads most directly to the Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers occupation (BLS SOC 19-2042).

Institutions
87
offering CIP 40.0699
States offered
38
with graduates reported
Graduates / yr
946
IPEDS completions 2024–25
Women
52%
share of graduates
US median pay · Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers
$101,920
BLS OEWS May 2025
Share of Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences
13%
of all Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates

About Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences programs

Official NCES definition · CIP 40.0699
Any instructional program in geological and related sciences not listed above.
Also offered asGeodeticsGeodesy

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020).

The Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences program focuses on the study of the Earth's structure, composition, and processes. It is designed for students interested in understanding geological phenomena and their implications for the environment and society. This program encompasses various disciplines, including geodetics and geodesy, providing a comprehensive foundation for future geoscientists. Students in this program will engage in both theoretical and practical aspects of geology, preparing them for diverse career paths in the physical sciences. With a blend of classroom instruction and fieldwork, this program is ideal for those passionate about exploring the Earth’s systems and contributing to environmental solutions.

What you'll learn

Core coursework in this program emphasizes essential skills such as reading comprehension, critical thinking, and mathematics. Students will gain knowledge in geography, chemistry, and physics, alongside hands-on experience in geological data analysis and field studies. This combination equips graduates with the tools needed to investigate and interpret complex geological data.

Credentials awarded

What Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates earned in 2024–25, by award level (IPEDS completions).

  • Bachelor's degree662 graduates / yr · 57 institutions
    70%
  • Master's degree147 graduates / yr · 28 institutions
    16%
  • Postbaccalaureate certificate66 graduates / yr · 10 institutions
    7.0%
  • Doctor's degree - research/scholarship38 graduates / yr · 11 institutions
    4.0%
  • Award of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic year23 graduates / yr · 4 institutions
    2.4%
  • Award of at least 1 but less than 2 academic years10 graduates / yr · 2 institutions
    1.1%

Graduates over time

Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences completions reported to IPEDS each year, all award levels combined.

946graduates in 2025
+56% since 2012
20122025608946
Graduates per year (IPEDS completions)
YearGraduates
2012608
2013629
2014763
2015788
2016771
2017797
2018880
2019848
2020869
2021750
2022843
2023851
2024845
2025946

Top 50 institutions for Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences, ranked by graduates

Graduates (IPEDS completions), 2024–25. Award levels show which credentials each institution confers in this specialization.

#InstitutionGraduates / yrGrad rateNet priceField earnings* (1 yr)
1Southern New Hampshire University
Manchester, NHPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
13343%$34,565$45,727
2Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, FLPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
5363%——
3Pennsylvania State University - Main Campus
University Park, PAPublicBachelor'sAward of at least 1 but less than 2 academic years
4086%—$53,908
4California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
San Luis Obispo, CAPublicBachelor's
3086%—$48,489
5University of Pittsburgh - Pittsburgh Campus
Pittsburgh, PAPublicBachelor's
2785%—$38,652
6Eastern Washington University
Cheney, WAPublicBachelor's
2743%——
7Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VAPublicBachelor's
2646%——
8Georgia State University
Atlanta, GAPublicMaster's
2453%—$39,375
9University at Buffalo
Buffalo, NYPublicBachelor'sMaster's
2375%—$39,696
10Lehigh University
Bethlehem, PAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster's
2388%$26,912—
11University of Washington - Seattle Campus
Seattle, WAPublicBachelor's
2385%—$29,724
12Missouri State University - Springfield
Springfield, MOPublicPost-degree cert.Master's
2258%—$34,481
13Georgia Institute of Technology - Main Campus
Atlanta, GAPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
2094%——
14Stanford University
Stanford, CAPrivate not-for-profitDoctoralBachelor'sMaster's
2092%$12,032—
15Eastern Connecticut State University
Willimantic, CTPublicBachelor's
1958%—$43,915
16Oregon State University
Corvallis, ORPublicMaster'sDoctoralBachelor's
1970%—$39,450
17Michigan Technological University
Houghton, MIPublicPost-degree cert.
1768%——
18Western Kentucky University
Bowling Green, KYPublicAward of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic year
1656%——
19University of Rhode Island
Kingston, RIPublicBachelor's
1673%——
20College of Charleston
Charleston, SCPublicBachelor's
1666%—$49,786
21Colorado School of Mines
Golden, COPublicPost-degree cert.Master's
1582%——
22Salisbury University
Salisbury, MDPublicBachelor's
1568%——
23Missouri University of Science and Technology
Rolla, MOPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1464%—$47,352
24University of Wyoming
Laramie, WYPublicBachelor's
1359%—$45,758
25California State University - Fullerton
Fullerton, CAPublicBachelor's
1270%—$35,509
26Columbus State University
Columbus, GAPublicBachelor's
1242%——
27Union College
Schenectady, NYPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
1180%$25,885—
28Florida Gulf Coast University
Fort Myers, FLPublicBachelor's
1157%——
29Dartmouth College
Hanover, NHPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
1096%$14,689—
30Cornell University
Ithaca, NYPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
1095%$17,613—
31Stony Brook University
Stony Brook, NYPublicPost-degree cert.
1076%——
32Northern Illinois University
Dekalb, ILPublicBachelor's
949%——
33The University of Texas at San Antonio
San Antonio, TXPublicPost-degree cert.Master'sAward of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic year
953%—$42,779
34University of Maine at Farmington
Farmington, MEPublicBachelor's
852%——
35Duke University
Durham, NCPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
897%$16,260—
36George Mason University
Fairfax, VAPublicDoctoral
868%——
37University of Pittsburgh - Johnstown
Johnstown, PAPublicBachelor's
756%—$38,652
38University of Utah
Salt Lake City, UTPublicMaster's
765%—$49,446
39Pennsylvania State University - World Campus
University Park, PAPublicAward of at least 1 but less than 2 academic yearsBachelor's
734%—$53,908
40California State University - Chico
Chico, CAPublicMaster's
663%——
41Ball State University
Muncie, INPublicMaster'sBachelor's
662%——
42University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Durham, NHPublicPost-degree cert.
676%——
43Bowling Green State University - Main Campus
Bowling Green, OHPublicMaster'sPost-degree cert.
664%——
44Denison University
Granville, OHPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
679%$23,864—
45Whitman College
Walla Walla, WAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
681%$28,508—
46Eckerd College
Saint Petersburg, FLPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
566%$31,022—
47University of Miami
Coral Gables, FLPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster's
584%$26,589—
48Illinois State University
Normal, ILPublicPost-degree cert.
565%——
49Montana Technological University
Butte, MTPublicMaster's
558%——
50University of Nevada - Las Vegas
Las Vegas, NVPublicMaster'sDoctoral
551%—$41,963

* Median earnings 1 year after graduation for the broader Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences field (CIP 40.06) at these institutions; College Scorecard does not publish earnings at the 6-digit level.

Offered in 38 states

Where Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates come from. Each state links to all Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences programs offered there.

StateInstitutionsGraduates / yrTop institution by graduates
New Hampshire3149Southern New Hampshire University133 / yr
Pennsylvania9115Pennsylvania State University - Main Campus40 / yr
California1186California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo30 / yr
Florida474Florida Atlantic University53 / yr
New York765University at Buffalo23 / yr
Washington458Eastern Washington University27 / yr
Georgia356Georgia State University24 / yr
Missouri339Missouri State University - Springfield22 / yr
Virginia234Old Dominion University26 / yr
Oregon221Oregon State University19 / yr
Michigan220Michigan Technological University17 / yr
South Carolina220College of Charleston16 / yr
Connecticut119Eastern Connecticut State University19 / yr
Kentucky116Western Kentucky University16 / yr
Rhode Island116University of Rhode Island16 / yr
Ohio315Bowling Green State University - Main Campus6 / yr
Colorado115Colorado School of Mines15 / yr
Maryland115Salisbury University15 / yr
Illinois214Northern Illinois University9 / yr
Wyoming113University of Wyoming13 / yr
Maine212University of Maine at Farmington8 / yr
North Carolina212Duke University8 / yr
Texas311The University of Texas at San Antonio9 / yr
Utah29University of Utah7 / yr
Indiana16Ball State University6 / yr
Montana15Montana Technological University5 / yr
Nevada15University of Nevada - Las Vegas5 / yr
Wisconsin15Lawrence University5 / yr
Louisiana24University of Louisiana at Lafayette2 / yr
District of Columbia13George Washington University3 / yr
Mississippi13Mississippi State University3 / yr
Idaho12Brigham Young University - Idaho2 / yr
Iowa12University of Iowa2 / yr
Massachusetts12Westfield State University2 / yr
Vermont12University of Vermont2 / yr
Alabama11University of North Alabama1 / yr
Alaska11University of Alaska Anchorage1 / yr
Arizona11University of Arizona1 / yr

Careers & outlook

The payoff after graduation: occupation 19-2042, Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers, and its national outlook.

Graduates of the Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences program can pursue careers as geoscientists, natural sciences managers, or educators in atmospheric and earth sciences. The job outlook for geoscientists is about as fast as average, with an expected growth rate of 3.2% and approximately 2,000 annual openings. The median wage for this field is $99,240, typically requiring at least a bachelor's degree.

Projected growth (2024–2034)
+3.2%
About as fast as average
Openings / yr (US)
~2,000
BLS Employment Projections
US median wage
$99,240
typically Bachelor's degree
National employment
23,470
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers
US average pay
$116,150
annual, BLS OEWS May 2025
US median pay
$101,920
annual

Top-paying metros

Midland, TX
$192,880avg
Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX
$179,730avg
Lubbock, TX
$157,570avg
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
$146,810avg
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
$146,630avg

Career pathways for CIP 40.0699

The occupations the NCES crosswalk maps this 6-digit code to, with BLS pay and 10-year outlook.

OccupationUS median payGrowthOpenings / yrTypical entry education
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographersprimary
SOC 19-2042
$101,920+3.2%
About as fast as average
~2,000Bachelor's degree
Natural Sciences Managers
SOC 11-9121
$167,220+3.7%
About as fast as average
~8,500Bachelor's degree
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary
SOC 25-1051
$103,170+2.6%
About as fast as average
~1,000Doctoral or professional degree
Preparation needed

Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed

Education
Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
Experience
Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
Training
Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Related careers

Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers
$116,150 avg · 23,470 jobs
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary
$116,020 avg · 9,900 jobs

Skills & knowledge in Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences programs

From the U.S. Dept. of Labor for the occupation this specialization most leads to.

Skills you'll build

Reading Comprehension
Science
Speaking
Critical Thinking
Active Listening
Writing
Mathematics
Active Learning

Knowledge areas

Geography
English Language
Mathematics
Chemistry
Physics
Computers and Electronics

Abilities that matter most

Inductive Reasoning
Written Comprehension
Problem Sensitivity
Written Expression
Oral Expression
Oral Comprehension

Day-to-day work activities

Getting Information
Analyzing Data or Information
Working with Computers
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge

What graduates do on the job

  • Plan or conduct geological, geochemical, or geophysical field studies or surveys, sample collection, or drilling and testing programs used to collect data for research or application.
  • Analyze and interpret geological data, using computer software.
  • Investigate the composition, structure, or history of the Earth's crust through the collection, examination, measurement, or classification of soils, minerals, rocks, or fossil remains.
  • Analyze and interpret geological, geochemical, or geophysical information from sources, such as survey data, well logs, bore holes, or aerial photos.
  • Identify risks for natural disasters, such as mudslides, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.
  • Prepare geological maps, cross-sectional diagrams, charts, or reports concerning mineral extraction, land use, or resource management, using results of fieldwork or laboratory research.

Tools and technology used

ACD Systems CanvasAdobe AcrobatAdobe PhotoshopAlara CRystalViewAquifer test softwareAtoll GeoCADAutodesk AutoCADBentley Systems gINT

Other Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences specializations

The 7 other 6-digit CIP codes under Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences (CIP 40.06).

Common questions

What degrees can I earn in this program?+

You can earn a Bachelor's degree, Master's degree, Postbaccalaureate certificate, or a Doctor's degree.

What skills will I develop?+

You will develop skills in reading comprehension, critical thinking, mathematics, and scientific analysis.

What careers can I pursue?+

You can work as a geoscientist, natural sciences manager, or a postsecondary teacher in Earth sciences.

What is the job outlook for geoscientists?+

The job outlook is about as fast as average, with a growth rate of 3.2% and around 2,000 openings annually.

What is the CIP code for Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences?+

Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences is CIP 40.0699 in the NCES Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020), a 6-digit specialization within Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences (CIP 40.06). NCES defines it as: Any instructional program in geological and related sciences not listed above.

How many institutions offer Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences programs?+

87 U.S. institutions reported Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates in IPEDS 2024–25, across 38 states, awarding 946 credentials in the year. That is 12.6% of all Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates.

How much do Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences graduates earn?+

Earnings are not published at the 6-digit CIP level by any federal source. The Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers occupation, which Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences most directly leads to, pays a median of $101,920 a year nationally (BLS OEWS May 2025), and graduates of the broader Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences field report median earnings of $41,963 one year after graduation (College Scorecard).

About the data on this page

Every figure comes from an official federal or public source. Here is each one and the release it is currently on.

IPEDSFall 2025–26 release, published July 28, 2026
Enrollment, completions, graduation rates, tuition, financial aid, staffing, and finance for every U.S. institution in federal student aid programs.
College ScorecardJune 10, 2026 release (merged 2025–26 files)
Institution and field-of-study costs, graduate earnings, debt, completion, and admissions outcomes compiled from federal aid records, tax data, and IPEDS.
BLS wages & outlookOEWS May 2025 release
Occupational employment and wage estimates plus 10-year job outlook, used to connect programs to real-world earnings.

Program definitions are from the NCES Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020). Skills, knowledge, abilities, work activities, tools, and job zones are from the O*NET database by the U.S. Department of Labor, used under the CC BY 4.0 license.

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