Foreign Languages, Literatures, And LinguisticsSpecialization of Classics and Classical Languages

Best institutions to study Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

CIP 16.1200

A general program that focuses on the literary culture of the ancient Graeco-Roman world and the Greek and Latin languages and literatures and their development prior to the fall of the Roman Empire.

170 U.S. institutions graduated 1,000 Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics students in 2024–25 (IPEDS). It is CIP 16.1200, a specialization of Classics and Classical Languages (CIP 16.12), and leads most directly to the Interpreters and Translators occupation (BLS SOC 27-3091).

Institutions
170
offering CIP 16.1200
States offered
42
with graduates reported
Graduates / yr
1,000
IPEDS completions 2024–25
Women
60%
share of graduates
US median pay · Interpreters and Translators
$60,170
BLS OEWS May 2025
Share of Classics and Classical Languages
88%
of all Classics and Classical Languages graduates

About Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics programs

Official NCES definition · CIP 16.1200
A general program that focuses on the literary culture of the ancient Graeco-Roman world and the Greek and Latin languages and literatures and their development prior to the fall of the Roman Empire.

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020).

The Classics and Classical Languages program offers an in-depth exploration of the literary culture of the ancient Graeco-Roman world, focusing on the Greek and Latin languages and their literatures. This program is designed for students interested in understanding the historical context and development of these languages prior to the fall of the Roman Empire.

What you'll learn

Students in this program develop core skills in speaking, active listening, reading comprehension, and critical thinking. Coursework typically includes the study of ancient texts, translation techniques, and the cultural significance of classical literature.

Credentials awarded

What Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics graduates earned in 2024–25, by award level (IPEDS completions).

  • Bachelor's degree705 graduates / yr · 163 institutions
    71%
  • Master's degree192 graduates / yr · 48 institutions
    19%
  • Doctor's degree - research/scholarship82 graduates / yr · 29 institutions
    8.2%
  • Post-master's certificate10 graduates / yr · 2 institutions
    1.0%
  • Award of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic year9 graduates / yr · 3 institutions
    0.9%
  • Postbaccalaureate certificate2 graduates / yr · 1 institution
    0.2%

Graduates over time

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics completions reported to IPEDS each year, all award levels combined.

1,000graduates in 2025
-35% since 2012
201220251,5371,000
Graduates per year (IPEDS completions)
YearGraduates
20121,537
20131,506
20141,282
20151,322
20161,199
20171,113
20181,112
20191,101
2020986
20211,010
2022966
2023991
2024935
20251,000

Top 50 institutions for Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics, ranked by graduates

Graduates (IPEDS completions), 2024–25. Award levels show which credentials each institution confers in this specialization.

#InstitutionGraduates / yrGrad rateNet price
1Florida State University
Tallahassee, FLPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
3786%—
2Columbia University in the City of New York
New York, NYPrivate not-for-profitMaster'sBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
3696%$15,315
3University of Colorado Boulder
Boulder, COPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
2474%—
4Princeton University
Princeton, NJPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
2198%$13,729
5Yale University
New Haven, CTPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1996%$27,025
6University of Arizona
Tucson, AZPublicBachelor'sMaster's
1868%—
7University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1897%$22,055
8University of Kansas
Lawrence, KSPublicBachelor'sMaster's
1769%—
9Cornell University
Ithaca, NYPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1695%$17,613
10Pennsylvania State University - Main Campus
University Park, PAPublicBachelor's
1686%—
11University of Pittsburgh - Pittsburgh Campus
Pittsburgh, PAPublicBachelor's
1685%—
12The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TXPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1689%—
13Stanford University
Stanford, CAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sDoctoralMaster's
1692%$12,032
14University of Missouri - Columbia
Columbia, MOPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1575%—
15University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NCPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1591%—
16University of Georgia
Athens, GAPublicMaster'sBachelor's
1390%—
17University of Chicago
Chicago, ILPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1396%$13,333
18New York University
New York, NYPrivate not-for-profitMaster'sBachelor'sDoctoral
1388%$29,023
19Ohio State University - Main Campus
Columbus, OHPublicDoctoralMaster'sBachelor's
1388%—
20University of Notre Dame
Notre Dame, INPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster's
1295%$19,452
21Harvard University
Cambridge, MAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sDoctoral
1298%$15,013
22College of the Holy Cross
Worcester, MAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
1287%$24,533
23University at Buffalo
Buffalo, NYPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1275%—
24University of Virginia - Main Campus
Charlottesville, VAPublicBachelor'sDoctoralMaster's
1296%—
25University of Florida
Gainesville, FLPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
1191%—
26University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Amherst, MAPublicBachelor'sMaster's
1183%—
27University of Mississippi
University, MSPublicBachelor's
1172%—
28University of Washington - Seattle Campus
Seattle, WAPublicBachelor'sMaster's
1185%—
29University of Cincinnati - Main Campus
Cincinnati, OHPublicBachelor'sDoctoral
1075%—
30University of Vermont
Burlington, VTPublicBachelor'sMaster's
1079%—
31Boston College
Chestnut Hill, MAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
991%$21,126
32Brown University
Providence, RIPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sDoctoral
996%$14,644
33William & Mary
Williamsburg, VAPublicBachelor'sPost-degree cert.
989%—
34University of Wisconsin - Madison
Madison, WIPublicBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
990%—
35Georgetown University
Washington, DCPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
895%$22,242
36Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, MDPrivate not-for-profitMaster'sBachelor'sDoctoral
894%$11,888
37Macalester College
Saint Paul, MNPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
887%$21,441
38University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MNPublicBachelor'sMaster's
885%—
39CUNY Hunter College
New York, NYPublicBachelor's
857%—
40Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr, PAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
882%$19,073
41The University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Knoxville, TNPublicBachelor'sAward of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic year
874%—
42University of California - Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CAPublicBachelor'sMaster's
783%—
43University of Southern California
Los Angeles, CAPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster'sDoctoral
792%$26,873
44University of Maryland - College Park
College Park, MDPublicBachelor'sMaster's
789%—
45University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Durham, NHPublicBachelor's
776%—
46University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Greensboro, NCPublicBachelor's
756%—
47University of North Dakota
Grand Forks, NDPublicAward of at least 12 weeks but less than 1 academic yearBachelor's
760%—
48Reed College
Portland, ORPrivate not-for-profitBachelor's
771%$28,272
49College of Charleston
Charleston, SCPublicBachelor's
766%—
50University of Dallas
Irving, TXPrivate not-for-profitBachelor'sMaster's
773%$20,960

Offered in 42 states

Where Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics graduates come from. Each state links to all Classics and Classical Languages programs offered there.

StateInstitutionsGraduates / yrTop institution by graduates
New York16121Columbia University in the City of New York36 / yr
Pennsylvania1187University of Pennsylvania18 / yr
Massachusetts1372Harvard University12 / yr
California1360Stanford University16 / yr
Florida658Florida State University37 / yr
Ohio1155Ohio State University - Main Campus13 / yr
Texas739The University of Texas at Austin16 / yr
North Carolina739University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill15 / yr
Virginia735University of Virginia - Main Campus12 / yr
New Jersey329Princeton University21 / yr
Illinois525University of Chicago13 / yr
Missouri425University of Missouri - Columbia15 / yr
Indiana624University of Notre Dame12 / yr
Colorado124University of Colorado Boulder24 / yr
Connecticut423Yale University19 / yr
Minnesota423Macalester College8 / yr
Wisconsin519University of Wisconsin - Madison9 / yr
Michigan518Hillsdale College6 / yr
Arizona118University of Arizona18 / yr
Tennessee317The University of Tennessee - Knoxville8 / yr
Kansas117University of Kansas17 / yr
Georgia416University of Georgia13 / yr
Vermont215University of Vermont10 / yr
Maryland215Johns Hopkins University8 / yr
Washington314University of Washington - Seattle Campus11 / yr
Oregon314Reed College7 / yr
District of Columbia212Georgetown University8 / yr
New Hampshire311University of New Hampshire - Main Campus7 / yr
Mississippi111University of Mississippi11 / yr
Rhode Island19Brown University9 / yr
Maine27Bowdoin College5 / yr
North Dakota17University of North Dakota7 / yr
South Carolina17College of Charleston7 / yr
Utah26Brigham Young University5 / yr
Kentucky26University of Kentucky4 / yr
Louisiana15Tulane University of Louisiana5 / yr
Iowa24Grinnell College2 / yr
Hawaii14University of Hawaii at Manoa4 / yr
Oklahoma14University of Oklahoma - Norman Campus4 / yr
Arkansas13Hendrix College3 / yr
Montana11The University of Montana1 / yr
South Dakota11Augustana University1 / yr

Careers & outlook

The payoff after graduation: occupation 27-3091, Interpreters and Translators, and its national outlook.

Graduates of the Classics and Classical Languages program can pursue careers as interpreters and translators, among other roles. The job outlook shows little or no change, with an annual opening of around 6,900 positions and a median wage of $59,440. A bachelor's degree is typically required for entry-level positions.

Projected growth (2024–2034)
+1.7%
Little or no change
Openings / yr (US)
~6,900
BLS Employment Projections
US median wage
$59,440
typically Bachelor's degree
National employment
52,060
Interpreters and Translators
US average pay
$66,360
annual, BLS OEWS May 2025
US median pay
$60,170
annual

Top-paying metros

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
$93,650avg
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
$93,460avg
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA
$92,880avg
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ
$91,110avg
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
$90,940avg

Career pathways for CIP 16.1200

The occupations the NCES crosswalk maps this 6-digit code to, with BLS pay and 10-year outlook.

OccupationUS median payGrowthOpenings / yrTypical entry education
Interpreters and Translatorsprimary
SOC 27-3091
$60,170+1.7%
Little or no change
~6,900Bachelor's degree
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education
SOC 25-2031
$72,040-1.6%
Decline
~66,200Bachelor's degree
Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary
SOC 25-1124
$79,350-0.2%
Little or no change
~1,900Doctoral or professional degree
Preparation needed

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Education
Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.
Experience
A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.
Training
Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.

Related careers

Interpreters and Translators
$66,360 avg · 52,060 jobs
Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary
$89,990 avg · 19,830 jobs

Skills & knowledge in Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics programs

From the U.S. Dept. of Labor for the occupation this specialization most leads to.

Skills you'll build

Speaking
Active Listening
Reading Comprehension
Writing
Monitoring
Critical Thinking
Active Learning
Learning Strategies

Knowledge areas

English Language
Foreign Language
Customer and Personal Service
Education and Training
Administrative
Public Safety and Security

Abilities that matter most

Oral Expression
Oral Comprehension
Written Comprehension
Written Expression
Speech Recognition
Speech Clarity

Day-to-day work activities

Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
Getting Information

What graduates do on the job

  • Follow ethical codes that protect the confidentiality of information.
  • Translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible.
  • Listen to speakers' statements to determine meanings and to prepare translations, using electronic listening systems as necessary.
  • Compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material.
  • Refer to reference materials, such as dictionaries, lexicons, encyclopedias, and computerized terminology banks, as needed to ensure translation accuracy.
  • Check translations of technical terms and terminology to ensure that they are accurate and remain consistent throughout translation revisions.

Tools and technology used

AceTools.biz Ace TranslatorAdapt ItAmoK TranslatorAshkon Translation PadBabylon Online TranslatorDocTranslateElectronic dictionariesExcelTrans Translator

Other Classics and Classical Languages specializations

The 3 other 6-digit CIP codes under Classics and Classical Languages (CIP 16.12).

Common questions

What degrees can I earn in this program?+

You can earn a Bachelor's, Master's, or Doctor's degree in Classics and Classical Languages.

What skills will I develop?+

You will develop skills in speaking, writing, critical thinking, and active listening.

What careers can I pursue with this degree?+

You can work as an interpreter, translator, or teacher of foreign languages.

What is the job outlook for graduates?+

The job outlook is stable, with little or no change expected in the field.

What is the CIP code for Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics?+

Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics is CIP 16.1200 in the NCES Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020), a 6-digit specialization within Classics and Classical Languages (CIP 16.12). NCES defines it as: A general program that focuses on the literary culture of the ancient Graeco-Roman world and the Greek and Latin languages and literatures and their development prior to the fall of the Roman Empire.

How many institutions offer Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics programs?+

170 U.S. institutions reported Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics graduates in IPEDS 2024–25, across 42 states, awarding 1,000 credentials in the year. That is 87.5% of all Classics and Classical Languages graduates.

How much do Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics graduates earn?+

Earnings are not published at the 6-digit CIP level by any federal source. The Interpreters and Translators occupation, which Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics most directly leads to, pays a median of $60,170 a year nationally (BLS OEWS May 2025).

About the data on this page

Every figure comes from an official federal or public source. Here is each one and the release it is currently on.

IPEDSFall 2025–26 release, published July 28, 2026
Enrollment, completions, graduation rates, tuition, financial aid, staffing, and finance for every U.S. institution in federal student aid programs.
College ScorecardJune 10, 2026 release (merged 2025–26 files)
Institution and field-of-study costs, graduate earnings, debt, completion, and admissions outcomes compiled from federal aid records, tax data, and IPEDS.
BLS wages & outlookOEWS May 2025 release
Occupational employment and wage estimates plus 10-year job outlook, used to connect programs to real-world earnings.

Program definitions are from the NCES Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2020). Skills, knowledge, abilities, work activities, tools, and job zones are from the O*NET database by the U.S. Department of Labor, used under the CC BY 4.0 license.

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