Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations·SOC 35-2012

Best degree programs for Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria, ranked by enrollment

4 college programs and 233 schools train Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $37,450 median wage, 441,050 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

4 college programs at 233 schools train cooks, institution and cafeteria, graduating 6,189 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General. The job pays a median of $37,450 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
6,189
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$37,450
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
+2.0%
About as fast as average
Openings / yr
69,700
new plus replacement
Schools
233
with a feeder program
States with jobs
40
BLS reports wages

About cooks, institution and cafeteria

Prepare and cook large quantities of food for institutions, such as schools, hospitals, or cafeterias.

Also calledCookSchool CookDietary CookCafeteria CookCamp CookLine CookMess CookSous ChefRanch CookDinner CookGalley CookShip's Cook

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

4 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 12.0500
4,439
71.7%
153$25,404$13,000
2
CIP 12.0505
1,230
19.9%
56$25,404$13,000
3
CIP 19.0505
333
5.4%
30$32,286$25,275
4
CIP 12.0508
187
3.0%
13$25,404$13,000

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1NUC University
Bayamon, PR Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
379Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General54%$9,377
2Auguste Escoffier School of Culinary Arts - Boulder
Boulder, CO Private for-profit · 2 feeder programs
321Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant48%$13,643
3Francis Tuttle Technology Center
Oklahoma City, OK Public · 1 feeder programs
160Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General52%
4Los Angeles Trade Technical College
Los Angeles, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
135Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General35%
5Culinary Institute Inc
Houston, TX Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
104Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General100%$27,563
6Riverside City College
Riverside, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
102Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General37%
7Los Angeles Mission College
Sylmar, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
101Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General20%
8Orange Coast College
Costa Mesa, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
95Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General48%
9Long Beach City College
Long Beach, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
92Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General30%
10Southwestern College
Chula Vista, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
88Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General35%
11Kapiolani Community College
Honolulu, HI Public · 1 feeder programs
80Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General22%
12Cerritos College
Norwalk, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
79Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General31%
13Cabrillo College
Aptos, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
76Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General38%
14Johnson & Wales University - Online
Providence, RI Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
67Foodservice Systems Administration/Management0%$21,98191%
15Central Georgia Technical College
Warner Robins, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
62Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant47%
16Cuesta College
San Luis Obispo, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
62Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General48%
17Yavapai College
Prescott, AZ Public · 1 feeder programs
62Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General34%
18Johnson & Wales University - Providence
Providence, RI Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
61Foodservice Systems Administration/Management55%$31,63488%
19Grossmont College
El Cajon, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
58Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General37%
20Northeast Technology Center
Pryor, OK Public · 1 feeder programs
58Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General97%
21Hinds Community College
Raymond, MS Public · 1 feeder programs
57Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General43%
22Kansas City Kansas Community College
Kansas City, KS Public · 1 feeder programs
57Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant42%
23Central New Mexico Community College
Albuquerque, NM Public · 2 feeder programs
55Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General31%
24Cypress College
Cypress, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
55Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General37%
25College of Southern Nevada
Las Vegas, NV Public · 1 feeder programs
54Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General19%
26J Sargeant Reynolds Community College
Richmond, VA Public · 1 feeder programs
54Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General32%
27Pikes Peak State College
Colorado Springs, CO Public · 1 feeder programs
54Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General21%
28Lincoln College of Technology - Columbia
Columbia, MD Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
53Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General68%$30,638
29Remington College - Memphis Campus
Memphis, TN Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
53Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General38%$26,048
30Uintah Basin Technical College
Roosevelt, UT Public · 1 feeder programs
52Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant86%
31Laney College
Oakland, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
51Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General31%
32Colorado Mesa University
Grand Junction, CO Public · 1 feeder programs
50Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General41%82%
33Diablo Valley College
Pleasant Hill, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
50Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General49%
34Johnson & Wales University - Charlotte
Charlotte, NC Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
50Foodservice Systems Administration/Management49%$29,44680%
35West Georgia Technical College
Waco, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
50Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant35%
36National Holistic Institute
Emeryville, CA Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
47Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General80%$31,040
37New Orleans Culinary and Hospitality Institute
New Orleans, LA Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
47Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General75%78%
38College of the Canyons
Santa Clarita, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
46Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General45%
39Los Angeles Harbor College
Wilmington, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
45Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General36%
40Savannah Technical College
Savannah, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
44Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant42%
41Atlanta Technical College
Atlanta, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
43Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant49%
42Elgin Community College
Elgin, IL Public · 1 feeder programs
43Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant41%
43College of the Sequoias
Visalia, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
42Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General39%
44Rappahannock Community College
Glenns, VA Public · 1 feeder programs
41Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General45%
45Keiser University - Ft Lauderdale
Fort Lauderdale, FL Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
40Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General61%$35,48397%
46Southern Crescent Technical College
Griffin, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
40Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant58%
47Lanier Technical College
Gainesville, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
39Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant34%
48Madison Area Technical College
Madison, WI Public · 1 feeder programs
38Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General29%
49Central Arizona College
Coolidge, AZ Public · 2 feeder programs
37Institutional Food Workers27%
50Lamar Institute of Technology
Beaumont, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
37Institutional Food Workers31%

What cooks, institution and cafeteria earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$37,450
Mean annual
$38,810
Median hourly
$18.01/hr
People employed
441,050
What the range looks like
10th pct$28,480Median$37,45090th pct$49,670

Top-paying metro areas

Kahului-Wailuku, HI
$55,400median
250 jobs
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
$51,880median
2,640 jobs
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
$51,530median
5,380 jobs
Barnstable Town, MA
$49,720median
170 jobs
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
$49,140median
4,280 jobs
Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA
$51,620median
240 jobs
Fairbanks-College, AK
$49,340median
170 jobs
Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA
$48,820median
290 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
+2.0%
About as fast as average
Openings per year
69,700
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
9,300
466,100 → 475,400
Typical entry education
No formal educational credential
Plus short-term on-the-job training

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
California$46,39031,6600.61×531,803
Georgia$35,0908,2200.59×17504
Colorado$42,5009,4401.16×6471
Oklahoma$29,27010,7902.23×10355
Virginia$37,89011,1700.96×11235
Texas$35,36024,7400.62×7224
Mississippi$27,3906,4201.95×11197
Hawaii$47,7701,5700.88×5178
Arizona$39,6607,1700.78×7162
Wisconsin$38,6509,8901.19×9137
Rhode Islandlimited$46,5701,1900.84×2128
Illinois$37,44022,8401.32×8119
North Carolina$36,14011,1700.80×5108
Tennesseemoderate$35,57010,6801.15×4104
Utahmoderate$38,2005,6101.14×495
Kansas$31,9507,5701.86×585
Ohio$36,72023,4401.49×581
New Mexico$36,4703,1601.28×576
Floridamoderate$36,25025,1000.89×474
South Carolinamoderate$34,9607,8501.20×471
Nevadalimited$39,4301,6500.38×269
Marylandlimited$41,3803,3700.43×260
Pennsylvania$36,54024,4901.42×857
Michiganmoderate$36,87013,5001.08×449
Louisianalimited$25,4905,7401.05×147
Arkansaslimited$30,2406,5301.77×240
West Virginialimited$29,7404,4202.22×237
Connecticutlimited$46,1204,5000.94×233
Massachusettsmoderate$47,7907,4300.72×332
Oregonmoderate$44,5207,1501.28×326
Iowalimited$35,8108,8602.00×120
New Yorkmoderate$45,88017,6700.64×319
Minnesotalimited$43,4607,8900.94×114
Nebraskalimited$36,3904,4101.52×211
Kentuckylimited$31,55011,5402.03×110
Indianalimited$35,98011,1301.23×17
New Jerseymoderate$44,5207,4900.62×35
South Dakotalimited$36,7302,1201.63×15
Alaskalimited$48,5801,4301.55×14
Wyominglimited$36,9401,5701.97×22

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Monitor and record food temperatures to ensure food safety.
  • Cook foodstuffs according to menus, special dietary or nutritional restrictions, or numbers of portions to be served.
  • Rotate and store food supplies.
  • Wash pots, pans, dishes, utensils, or other cooking equipment.
  • Apportion and serve food to facility residents, employees, or patrons.
  • Clean and inspect galley equipment, kitchen appliances, and work areas to ensure cleanliness and functional operation.
  • Clean, cut, and cook meat, fish, or poultry.
  • Direct activities of one or more workers who assist in preparing and serving meals.

Skills

  • Monitoring3.1
  • Speaking3.1
  • Active Listening3.0
  • Critical Thinking3.0
  • Active Learning2.9
  • Mathematics2.9
  • Reading Comprehension2.9
  • Learning Strategies2.8

Knowledge areas

  • English Language3.6
  • Food Production3.6
  • Customer and Personal Service3.6
  • Mathematics3.5
  • Administration and Management3.3
  • Production and Processing3.1

Abilities

  • Oral Expression3.3
  • Near Vision3.3
  • Oral Comprehension3.1
  • Deductive Reasoning3.1
  • Category Flexibility3.1
  • Information Ordering3.1

Core activities

  • Getting Information4.0
  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials3.9
  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates3.8
  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings3.8
  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events3.8
  • Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work3.8

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
Microsoft ExcelhotMicrosoft WordhotGNOME GnutritionIBM Lotus 1-2-3Meals PlusPCS Revenue Control Systems FASTRAK School Meal Software

How to get in

How to become a Cook

Job zone 2 of 5 · SVP Below 6.0
Typical entry education
No formal educational credential
On-the-job training
Short-term on-the-job training

Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.

Ranges from a few days to one year of on-the-job training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 4 majors mapped to Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria4 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 12.0500Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General
  • 12.0505Food Preparation/Professional Cooking/Kitchen Assistant
  • 12.0508Institutional Food Workers
  • 19.0505Foodservice Systems Administration/Management

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become a Cook?+

No formal educational credential is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Cooking and Related Culinary Arts, General, which awarded 4,439 degrees in 2024-25, 71.7% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming a Cook?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 4 programs to this occupation. The largest are Culinary Arts and Related Services, Foods. Together they graduate about 6,189 people a year.

How much do cooks, institution and cafeteria earn?+

The median is $37,450 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $28,480 at the 10th percentile to $49,670 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for cooks, institution and cafeteria growing?+

BLS projects a +2.0% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, about as fast as average, with roughly 69,700 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

233 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 4 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do cooks, institution and cafeteria work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Cook, School Cook, Dietary Cook, Cafeteria Cook among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 35-2012.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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