Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations·SOC 19-2043

Best degree programs for Hydrologists, ranked by enrollment

5 college programs and 451 schools train Hydrologists. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $96,600 median wage, 5,850 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

5 college programs at 451 schools train hydrologists, graduating 6,507 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Geology/Earth Science, General. The job pays a median of $96,600 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
6,507
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$96,600
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
-0.1%
Little or no change
Openings / yr
500
new plus replacement
Schools
451
with a feeder program
States with jobs
35
BLS reports wages

About hydrologists

Research the distribution, circulation, and physical properties of underground and surface waters; and study the form and intensity of precipitation and its rate of infiltration into the soil, movement through the earth, and return to the ocean and atmosphere.

Also calledHydrologistHydrogeologistResearch HydrologistGroundwater ConsultantScientistSeismologistVolcanologistHydraulic EngineerPhysical ScientistHydrologic EngineerIsotope HydrologistSurface Hydrologist

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

5 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 40.0601
5,615
86.3%
433$39,678$24,864
2
CIP 40.0607
534
8.2%
35$39,678$24,864
3
CIP 40.0605
206
3.2%
38$39,678$24,864
4
CIP 30.4101
90
1.4%
11
5
CIP 30.3801
62
1.0%
7

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1Mississippi State University
Mississippi State, MS Public · 1 feeder programs
157Geology/Earth Science, General67%78%
2Texas A&M University - College Station
College Station, TX Public · 4 feeder programs
157Geology/Earth Science, General84%57%
3Washington State University
Pullman, WA Public · 2 feeder programs
128Geology/Earth Science, General60%87%
4University of California - San Diego
La Jolla, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
114Oceanography, Chemical and Physical86%27%
5The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX Public · 2 feeder programs
84Geology/Earth Science, General89%27%
6University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Charlotte, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
83Geology/Earth Science, General69%80%
7University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor, MI Public · 1 feeder programs
80Geology/Earth Science, General93%16%
8Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Baton Rouge, LA Public · 2 feeder programs
78Oceanography, Chemical and Physical69%73%
9University of Pittsburgh - Pittsburgh Campus
Pittsburgh, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
71Geology/Earth Science, General85%58%
10Stanford University
Stanford, CA Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
63Geology/Earth Science, General92%$12,0324%
11Columbia University in the City of New York
New York, NY Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
61Geology/Earth Science, General96%$15,3154%
12Purdue University - Main Campus
West Lafayette, IN Public · 1 feeder programs
61Geology/Earth Science, General83%50%
13University of California - Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
61Geology/Earth Science, General83%33%
14University of California - Irvine
Irvine, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
60Geology/Earth Science, General87%29%
15University of California - Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
58Geology/Earth Science, General75%66%
16University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN Public · 3 feeder programs
54Hydrology and Water Resources Science85%80%
17Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, VA Public · 2 feeder programs
53Geology/Earth Science, General86%55%
18Ohio University - Main Campus
Athens, OH Public · 1 feeder programs
52Geology/Earth Science, General65%85%
19University of Washington - Seattle Campus
Seattle, WA Public · 2 feeder programs
52Oceanography, Chemical and Physical85%39%
20Western Washington University
Bellingham, WA Public · 1 feeder programs
50Geology/Earth Science, General65%93%
21University of California - Davis
Davis, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
46Geology/Earth Science, General86%42%
22Colorado State University - Fort Collins
Fort Collins, CO Public · 2 feeder programs
45Geology/Earth Science, General67%89%
23Montana State University
Bozeman, MT Public · 1 feeder programs
45Geology/Earth Science, General57%82%
24Pennsylvania State University - Main Campus
University Park, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
45Geology/Earth Science, General86%61%
25Arizona State University Campus Immersion
Tempe, AZ Public · 3 feeder programs
44Geology/Earth Science, General68%90%
26University of Hawaii at Manoa
Honolulu, HI Public · 2 feeder programs
44Geology/Earth Science, General64%87%
27University of South Florida
Tampa, FL Public · 2 feeder programs
44Geology/Earth Science, General77%43%
28University of Arizona
Tucson, AZ Public · 2 feeder programs
43Geology/Earth Science, General68%86%
29Ohio State University - Main Campus
Columbus, OH Public · 2 feeder programs
41Geology/Earth Science, General88%61%
30University of Houston
Houston, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
40Geology/Earth Science, General65%74%
31University of North Carolina Wilmington
Wilmington, NC Public · 2 feeder programs
40Geology/Earth Science, General71%64%
32Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania
Bloomsburg, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
38Geology/Earth Science, General54%93%
33Miami University - Oxford
Oxford, OH Public · 1 feeder programs
38Geology/Earth Science, General80%75%
34The University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Knoxville, TN Public · 1 feeder programs
38Geology/Earth Science, General74%42%
35University of Colorado Boulder
Boulder, CO Public · 1 feeder programs
38Geology/Earth Science, General74%78%
36University of Florida
Gainesville, FL Public · 1 feeder programs
36Geology/Earth Science, General91%24%
37Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cambridge, MA Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
35Oceanography, Chemical and Physical96%$11,6665%
38Colorado School of Mines
Golden, CO Public · 2 feeder programs
34Hydrology and Water Resources Science82%61%
39Fort Hays State University
Hays, KS Public · 1 feeder programs
34Geology/Earth Science, General48%90%
40University of Illinois Chicago
Chicago, IL Public · 1 feeder programs
34Geology/Earth Science, General62%77%
41Utah State University
Logan, UT Public · 3 feeder programs
34Geology/Earth Science, General59%92%
42Appalachian State University
Boone, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
33Geology/Earth Science, General75%90%
43Georgia State University
Atlanta, GA Public · 2 feeder programs
33Geology/Earth Science, General53%55%
44University of Nevada - Las Vegas
Las Vegas, NV Public · 2 feeder programs
33Geology/Earth Science, General51%96%
45Oklahoma State University - Main Campus
Stillwater, OK Public · 1 feeder programs
32Geology/Earth Science, General68%75%
46University of California - Riverside
Riverside, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
32Geology/Earth Science, General76%76%
47University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT Public · 2 feeder programs
32Geology/Earth Science, General83%52%
48Portland State University
Portland, OR Public · 2 feeder programs
31Geology/Earth Science, General53%91%
49University of New Mexico - Main Campus
Albuquerque, NM Public · 1 feeder programs
31Geology/Earth Science, General55%95%
50University of Oregon
Eugene, OR Public · 1 feeder programs
31Geology/Earth Science, General72%88%

What hydrologists earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$96,600
Mean annual
$103,600
Median hourly
$46.44/hr
People employed
5,850
What the range looks like
10th pct$64,020Median$96,60090th pct$153,130

Top-paying metro areas

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
$152,730median
50 jobs
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
$142,640median
30 jobs
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
$147,080median
50 jobs
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD
$138,020median
50 jobs
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA
$123,420median
70 jobs
Reno, NV
$111,140median
70 jobs
Las Vegas-Henderson-North Las Vegas, NV
$118,390median
50 jobs
Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO
$108,680median
140 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
-0.1%
Little or no change
Openings per year
500
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
0
6,300 → 6,300
Typical entry education
Bachelor's degree

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
California$122,1105400.79×72836
Texas$81,0802200.42×32598
New York$88,1001600.44×33360
Washington$105,6003502.62×8299
Pennsylvania$91,7301600.70×21293
Ohio$98,2003901.89×21268
North Carolina$81,7701500.80×9237
Florida$76,8502800.74×7191
Michigan$101,060400.21×15183
Colorado$100,8403603.37×13172
Massachusetts$119,350500.38×14162
Tennessee1501.18×10159
Minnesota$94,5803002.70×12138
Illinois$83,7201000.45×10130
Virginia$132,080400.25×7129
Utah$94,190801.27×10128
Indiana$80,700500.42×11124
New Jersey$126,68011120
Arizona$86,7004003.28×8118
Louisiana$104,5205117
Wisconsin$78,7701501.37×10107
Oregon$93,6903004.06×597
Georgia$121,830300.18×687
Montanamoderate$84,5001909.79×467
Maryland$143,010900.83×564
Oklahomamoderate$97,470400.55×462
Missouri$116,100500.43×761
Nevadalimited$107,9301702.94×261
South Carolina$65,7701001.17×561
New Mexico$97,4701002.96×560
Idaho$78,8501604.88×857
Iowamoderate$81,150500.91×434
Wyominglimited$94,520404.10×225
Vermontmoderate$86,140504.10×324
Alaskalimited$108,660604.55×221

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Prepare written and oral reports describing research results, using illustrations, maps, appendices, and other information.
  • Design and conduct scientific hydrogeological investigations to ensure that accurate and appropriate information is available for use in water resource management decisions.
  • Measure and graph phenomena such as lake levels, stream flows, and changes in water volumes.
  • Conduct research and communicate information to promote the conservation and preservation of water resources.
  • Coordinate and supervise the work of professional and technical staff, including research assistants, technologists, and technicians.
  • Study public water supply issues, including flood and drought risks, water quality, wastewater, and impacts on wetland habitats.
  • Apply research findings to help minimize the environmental impacts of pollution, waterborne diseases, erosion, and sedimentation.
  • Study and document quantities, distribution, disposition, and development of underground and surface waters.

Skills

  • Critical Thinking4.0
  • Reading Comprehension3.9
  • Active Listening3.9
  • Science3.9
  • Speaking3.8
  • Mathematics3.8
  • Active Learning3.6
  • Writing3.6

Knowledge areas

  • Mathematics4.3
  • Physics4.1
  • Engineering and Technology4.0
  • English Language3.9
  • Geography3.9
  • Computers and Electronics3.5

Abilities

  • Oral Comprehension4.0
  • Oral Expression4.0
  • Written Comprehension4.0
  • Written Expression4.0
  • Deductive Reasoning3.9
  • Inductive Reasoning3.9

Core activities

  • Analyzing Data or Information4.8
  • Getting Information4.6
  • Working with Computers4.6
  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems4.5
  • Documenting/Recording Information4.3
  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events4.2

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
Autodesk AutoCADhotAutodesk AutoCAD Civil 3DhotBentley MicroStationhotC++hotESRI ArcGIS softwarehotMicrosoft AccesshotMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPhotMicrosoft ExcelhotMicrosoft Office softwarehotMicrosoft PowerPointhot

How to get in

How to become a Hydrologist

Job zone 5 of 5 · SVP 8.0 and above
Typical entry education
Bachelor's degree

Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).

Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.

Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 5 majors mapped to Hydrologists5 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 30.3801Earth Systems Science
  • 30.4101Environmental Geosciences
  • 40.0601Geology/Earth Science, General
  • 40.0605Hydrology and Water Resources Science
  • 40.0607Oceanography, Chemical and Physical

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become a Hydrologist?+

Bachelor's degree is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Geology/Earth Science, General, which awarded 5,615 degrees in 2024-25, 86.3% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming a Hydrologist?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 5 programs to this occupation. The largest are Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences, Environmental Geosciences, Earth Systems Science. Together they graduate about 6,507 people a year.

How much do hydrologists earn?+

The median is $96,600 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $64,020 at the 10th percentile to $153,130 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for hydrologists growing?+

BLS projects a -0.1% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, little or no change, with roughly 500 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

451 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 5 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do hydrologists work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Hydrologist, Hydrogeologist, Research Hydrologist, Groundwater Consultant among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 19-2043.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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