Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations·SOC 19-2041

Best degree programs for Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health, ranked by enrollment

11 college programs and 1,012 schools train Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $82,220 median wage, 89,250 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

11 college programs at 1,012 schools train environmental scientists and specialists, including health, graduating 28,505 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Environmental Science. The job pays a median of $82,220 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
28,505
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$82,220
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
+4.4%
About as fast as average
Openings / yr
8,500
new plus replacement
Schools
1,012
with a feeder program
States with jobs
51
BLS reports wages

About environmental scientists and specialists, including health

Conduct research or perform investigation for the purpose of identifying, abating, or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either the environment or public health. Using knowledge of various scientific disciplines, may collect, synthesize, study, report, and recommend action based on data derived from measurements or observations of air, food, soil, water, and other sources.

Also calledEcologistPolicy AnalystClimate AnalystResearch ScientistRestoration EcologistEnvironmental ScientistEnvironmental ConsultantEnvironmental SpecialistEnvironmental Policy AnalystCoastal and Estuary SpecialistHabitat Restoration SpecialistEnvironmental Programs Specialist

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

11 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 03.0104
10,966
38.5%
635$34,020$23,032
2
CIP 03.0103
9,602
33.7%
470$34,020$23,032
3
CIP 30.3301
4,424
15.5%
226$37,223$20,968
4
CIP 51.2202
1,306
4.6%
88$36,762$25,076
5
CIP 30.4401
1,229
4.3%
70
6
Marine Sciencesmain feeder
CIP 30.3201
624
2.2%
39$27,337$22,400
7
CIP 26.1004
173
0.6%
28$39,202$18,000
8
CIP 30.4101
90
0.3%
11
9
CIP 26.1006
69
0.2%
12$39,202$18,000
10
CIP 40.0509
19
0.1%
10$42,620$23,900
11
CIP 26.1005
3
0.0%
1$39,202$18,000

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1University of Wisconsin - Madison
Madison, WI Public · 6 feeder programs
612Environmental Studies90%45%
2Harvard University
Cambridge, MA Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
549Sustainability Studies98%$15,0134%
3Southern New Hampshire University
Manchester, NH Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
504Environmental Science43%$34,565100%
4Columbia University in the City of New York
New York, NY Private not-for-profit · 4 feeder programs
494Sustainability Studies96%$15,3154%
5University of California - Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA Public · 3 feeder programs
431Environmental Studies83%33%
6University of Washington - Seattle Campus
Seattle, WA Public · 4 feeder programs
412Environmental Science85%39%
7University of California - Berkeley
Berkeley, CA Public · 6 feeder programs
364Environmental Studies93%11%
8University of Colorado Boulder
Boulder, CO Public · 2 feeder programs
357Environmental Studies74%78%
9American Public University System
Charles Town, WV Private for-profit · 3 feeder programs
331Environmental Science57%$10,199
10Western Washington University
Bellingham, WA Public · 5 feeder programs
315Environmental Science65%93%
11University of California - Davis
Davis, CA Public · 4 feeder programs
302Environmental Science86%42%
12University of Vermont
Burlington, VT Public · 3 feeder programs
302Environmental Studies79%65%
13Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR Public · 4 feeder programs
287Environmental Science70%77%
14Ohio State University - Main Campus
Columbus, OH Public · 6 feeder programs
273Environmental Science88%61%
15University of South Florida
Tampa, FL Public · 3 feeder programs
241Environmental Science77%43%
16Yale University
New Haven, CT Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
237Environmental Studies96%$27,0254%
17University of Illinois Urbana - Champaign
Champaign, IL Public · 3 feeder programs
233Environmental Science85%42%
18University of California - Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, CA Public · 4 feeder programs
227Environmental Studies75%66%
19University of Oregon
Eugene, OR Public · 3 feeder programs
213Environmental Studies72%88%
20University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor, MI Public · 4 feeder programs
209Environmental Studies93%16%
21Cornell University
Ithaca, NY Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
206Environmental Science95%$17,6139%
22California State University - Monterey Bay
Seaside, CA Public · 3 feeder programs
204Marine Sciences59%97%
23Arizona State University Campus Immersion
Tempe, AZ Public · 3 feeder programs
194Environmental Studies68%90%
24University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC Public · 5 feeder programs
194Environmental Science91%15%
25University of Utah
Salt Lake City, UT Public · 4 feeder programs
192Sustainability Studies65%86%
26University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN Public · 5 feeder programs
190Environmental Science85%80%
27Arizona State University Digital Immersion
Scottsdale, AZ Public · 2 feeder programs
186Environmental Studies0%67%
28Texas A&M University - College Station
College Station, TX Public · 6 feeder programs
186Environmental Studies84%57%
29University of Florida
Gainesville, FL Public · 5 feeder programs
186Sustainability Studies91%24%
30Northern Arizona University
Flagstaff, AZ Public · 4 feeder programs
177Environmental Studies61%90%
31Ohio University - Main Campus
Athens, OH Public · 4 feeder programs
176Environmental Studies65%85%
32University of California - Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA Public · 5 feeder programs
173Environmental Science93%9%
33Appalachian State University
Boone, NC Public · 3 feeder programs
170Environmental Studies75%90%
34University of Maine
Orono, ME Public · 3 feeder programs
163Environmental Science55%97%
35Northeastern University
Boston, MA Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
160Environmental Science91%$18,9255%
36University of Oklahoma - Norman Campus
Norman, OK Public · 4 feeder programs
157Sustainability Studies75%77%
37The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX Public · 3 feeder programs
153Sustainability Studies89%27%
38Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, MD Private not-for-profit · 5 feeder programs
152Environmental Health94%$11,8886%
39University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA Public · 5 feeder programs
151Sustainability Studies75%84%
40Indiana University - Bloomington
Bloomington, IN Public · 3 feeder programs
147Environmental Studies80%78%
41University of Phoenix - Arizona
Phoenix, AZ Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
144Environmental Studies21%$15,478
42University of Georgia
Athens, GA Public · 7 feeder programs
137Sustainability Studies90%38%
43Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI Public · 5 feeder programs
136Environmental Studies81%85%
44Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, VA Public · 3 feeder programs
133Sustainability Studies86%55%
45University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
127Environmental Studies97%$22,0555%
46San Diego State University
San Diego, CA Public · 3 feeder programs
126Environmental Studies76%36%
47Florida Gulf Coast University
Fort Myers, FL Public · 3 feeder programs
124Environmental Studies57%63%
48Montana State University
Bozeman, MT Public · 2 feeder programs
122Environmental Science57%82%
49University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Amherst, MA Public · 4 feeder programs
121Environmental Science83%60%
50California State Polytechnic University - Humboldt
Arcata, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
119Environmental Science49%98%

What environmental scientists and specialists, including health earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$82,220
Mean annual
$91,680
Median hourly
$39.53/hr
People employed
89,250
What the range looks like
10th pct$52,520Median$82,22090th pct$140,010

Top-paying metro areas

New Haven, CT
$81,340median
70 jobs
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
$127,210median
1,320 jobs
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
$106,510median
340 jobs
Kennewick-Richland, WA
$129,110median
300 jobs
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
$108,160median
2,710 jobs
Napa, CA
$109,710median
40 jobs
Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA
$109,710median
190 jobs
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA
$108,430median
3,520 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
+4.4%
About as fast as average
Openings per year
8,500
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
4,000
90,300 → 94,300
Typical entry education
Bachelor's degree

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
California$106,51012,4901.19×973,535
New York$82,1603,7000.67×912,121
Massachusetts$100,6402,9301.40×441,540
Florida$60,8305,9501.04×361,430
Pennsylvania$76,1103,0200.87×721,089
Texas$92,0005,6300.70×411,078
Ohio$78,5402,4600.77×421,042
North Carolina$74,1304,1501.46×301,005
Wisconsin$72,8209200.54×231,002
Washington$98,3004,4702.19×19970
Arizona$80,6001,9701.06×20935
Illinois$81,5901,5500.44×34935
Michigan$76,0803,1001.23×30837
Colorado$85,9902,5801.56×13793
Oregon$97,4401,3701.21×16782
New Hampshire$80,8104801.23×12747
Virginia$82,2302,8501.21×23577
Minnesota$88,0002,2601.34×28484
Vermont$77,4604902.79×10483
Maryland$84,1901,7601.11×20479
New Jersey$79,2103,1501.28×26461
Georgia$85,7101,7500.62×19454
Connecticut$82,0706200.64×14409
West Virginia$82,1002500.63×6405
Maine$66,4805301.45×10400
Indiana$64,7001,2900.70×29367
Missouri$61,0501,3800.82×17351
Utah$90,7101,0201.02×9331
Iowa$78,7806900.77×14323
Alabama$72,4908700.72×12301
District of Columbiamoderate$132,6201,2703.15×4250
Montana$80,2605701.94×8244
South Carolina$74,9104900.37×13231
Tennessee$76,8401,2300.65×14230
Oklahoma$75,9105200.53×9229
Kentucky$71,0401,0000.87×13202
Louisiana$69,8201,6001.44×7171
Idaho$70,3506701.36×5161
Kansas$78,2105900.72×5154
Rhode Island$100,7303301.15×7153
Hawaiimoderate$79,5106701.85×4122
Arkansas$57,2202700.36×8113
Nebraska$64,0405100.87×898
Nevadamoderate$83,0504900.55×491
Delawarelimited$64,6902901.04×287
South Dakota$68,2302400.91×665
Wyomingmoderate$74,0504102.55×346
New Mexico$86,6309401.88×834
North Dakota$84,5702400.96×629
Alaskamoderate$91,9608604.59×426
Mississippimoderate$57,7803900.58×321

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Communicate scientific or technical information to the public, organizations, or internal audiences through oral briefings, written documents, workshops, conferences, training sessions, or public hearings.
  • Monitor effects of pollution or land degradation and recommend means of prevention or control.
  • Collect, synthesize, analyze, manage, and report environmental data, such as pollution emission measurements, atmospheric monitoring measurements, meteorological or mineralogical information, or soil or water samples.
  • Review and implement environmental technical standards, guidelines, policies, and formal regulations that meet all appropriate requirements.
  • Provide scientific or technical guidance, support, coordination, or oversight to governmental agencies, environmental programs, industry, or the public.
  • Process and review environmental permits, licenses, or related materials.
  • Conduct environmental audits or inspections or investigations of violations.
  • Provide advice on proper standards and regulations or the development of policies, strategies, or codes of practice for environmental management.

Skills

  • Reading Comprehension4.1
  • Active Listening4.0
  • Critical Thinking3.9
  • Writing3.9
  • Speaking3.9
  • Active Learning3.6
  • Science3.4
  • Monitoring3.4

Knowledge areas

  • English Language3.9
  • Mathematics3.6
  • Biology3.6
  • Law and Government3.5
  • Engineering and Technology3.2
  • Computers and Electronics3.1

Abilities

  • Written Comprehension4.0
  • Deductive Reasoning4.0
  • Inductive Reasoning4.0
  • Written Expression4.0
  • Oral Expression4.0
  • Oral Comprehension4.0

Core activities

  • Getting Information4.6
  • Working with Computers4.4
  • Analyzing Data or Information4.4
  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge4.2
  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates4.2
  • Communicating with People Outside the Organization4.2

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
ESRI ArcGIS softwarehotMicrosoft ExcelhotMicrosoft Office softwarehotMicrosoft PowerPointhotWeb browser softwareAdobe AcrobathotAdobe IllustratorhotAutodesk AutoCADhotMicrosoft AccesshotMicrosoft Wordhot

How to get in

How to become a Environmental Scientist

Job zone 4 of 5 · SVP 7.0 to < 8.0
Typical entry education
Bachelor's degree

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.

Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 11 majors mapped to Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health11 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 03.0103Environmental Studies
  • 03.0104Environmental Science
  • 26.1004Toxicology
  • 26.1005Molecular Toxicology
  • 26.1006Environmental Toxicology
  • 30.3201Marine Sciences
  • 30.3301Sustainability Studies
  • 30.4101Environmental Geosciences
  • 30.4401Geography and Environmental Studies
  • 40.0509Environmental Chemistry
  • 51.2202Environmental Health

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become an Environmental Scientist?+

Bachelor's degree is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Environmental Science, which awarded 10,966 degrees in 2024-25, 38.5% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming an Environmental Scientist?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 11 programs to this occupation. The largest are Natural Resources Conservation and Research, Sustainability Studies, Public Health, Geography and Environmental Studies, plus 4 more. Together they graduate about 28,505 people a year.

How much do environmental scientists and specialists, including health earn?+

The median is $82,220 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $52,520 at the 10th percentile to $140,010 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for environmental scientists and specialists, including health growing?+

BLS projects a +4.4% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, about as fast as average, with roughly 8,500 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

1,012 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 11 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do environmental scientists and specialists, including health work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Ecologist, Policy Analyst, Climate Analyst, Research Scientist, Restoration Ecologist, Environmental Scientist among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 19-2041.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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