Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations·SOC 45-4011

Best degree programs for Forest and Conservation Workers, ranked by enrollment

4 college programs and 100 schools train Forest and Conservation Workers. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $43,680 median wage, 6,050 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

4 college programs at 100 schools train forest and conservation workers, graduating 1,763 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Forestry, General. The job pays a median of $43,680 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
1,763
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$43,680
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
-4.7%
Decline
Openings / yr
2,000
new plus replacement
Schools
100
with a feeder program
States with jobs
20
BLS reports wages

About forest and conservation workers

Under supervision, perform manual labor necessary to develop, maintain, or protect areas such as forests, forested areas, woodlands, wetlands, and rangelands through such activities as raising and transporting seedlings; combating insects, pests, and diseases harmful to plant life; and building structures to control water, erosion, and leaching of soil. Includes forester aides, seedling pullers, tree planters, and gatherers of nontimber forestry products such as pine straw.

Also calledTree FarmerTree PlanterForest RangerForestry Support SpecialistRakerDipperHackerBrusherChopperGathererWoodsmanBox Cutter

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

4 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 03.0501
1,235
70.1%
43$42,109$21,842
2
CIP 03.0511
283
16.1%
35$42,109$21,842
3
CIP 01.0606
156
8.8%
26$35,900$14,000
4
CIP 03.0599
89
5.0%
9$42,109$21,842

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1Reedley College
Reedley, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
196Forestry, General42%
2University of Florida
Gainesville, FL Public · 1 feeder programs
132Forestry, General91%24%
3Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, VA Public · 2 feeder programs
92Forestry, General86%55%
4University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point
Stevens Point, WI Public · 2 feeder programs
79Forestry, General51%92%
5California State Polytechnic University - Humboldt
Arcata, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
69Forestry, General49%98%
6Stephen F Austin State University
Nacogdoches, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
57Forestry, General53%94%
7California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
San Luis Obispo, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
51Forestry, General86%31%
8Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI Public · 3 feeder programs
49Forestry, General81%85%
9SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
Syracuse, NY Public · 2 feeder programs
47Forestry, General66%63%
10Colorado State University - Fort Collins
Fort Collins, CO Public · 1 feeder programs
43Forestry, General67%89%
11Southern Illinois University - Carbondale
Carbondale, IL Public · 1 feeder programs
39Forestry, General62%87%
12College of the Redwoods
Eureka, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
38Forestry, General34%
13Citrus College
Glendora, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
33Forestry, General41%
14The University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Knoxville, TN Public · 1 feeder programs
31Forestry, General74%42%
15Louisiana Tech University
Ruston, LA Public · 1 feeder programs
30Forestry, General64%86%
16Western Texas College
Snyder, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
29Plant Nursery Operations and Management53%
17Auburn University
Auburn, AL Public · 2 feeder programs
27Forestry, General82%46%
18University of Vermont
Burlington, VT Public · 1 feeder programs
27Forestry, General79%65%
19Michigan Technological University
Houghton, MI Public · 1 feeder programs
26Forestry, General68%92%
20University of Idaho
Moscow, ID Public · 2 feeder programs
26Forestry, General57%76%
21Columbia College
Sonora, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
25Forestry, General27%
22Green River College
Auburn, WA Public · 1 feeder programs
24Forest Technology/Technician39%
23Coastal Pines Technical College
Waycross, GA Public · 2 feeder programs
22Forest Technology/Technician48%
24University of Arkansas at Monticello
Monticello, AR Public · 1 feeder programs
22Forestry, General49%
25North Carolina State University at Raleigh
Raleigh, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
21Forestry, General85%42%
26University of Maine
Orono, ME Public · 1 feeder programs
21Forestry, General55%97%
27University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN Public · 1 feeder programs
21Forestry, Other85%80%
28Lurleen B Wallace Community College
Andalusia, AL Public · 1 feeder programs
19Forest Technology/Technician41%
29Pennsylvania College of Technology
Williamsport, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
19Forest Technology/Technician53%
30University of Georgia
Athens, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
19Forestry, General90%38%
31Washington State University
Pullman, WA Public · 2 feeder programs
19Plant Nursery Operations and Management60%87%
32Wayne Community College
Goldsboro, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
19Forest Technology/Technician49%
33Haywood Community College
Clyde, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
18Forest Technology/Technician34%
34Hawaii Community College
Hilo, HI Public · 2 feeder programs
17Forestry, Other33%
35Purdue University - Main Campus
West Lafayette, IN Public · 1 feeder programs
17Forestry, General83%50%
36Chattahoochee Technical College
Marietta, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
14Plant Nursery Operations and Management38%
37Central Louisiana Technical Community College
Alexandria, LA Public · 1 feeder programs
13Forest Technology/Technician70%
38Horry - Georgetown Technical College
Conway, SC Public · 1 feeder programs
13Forest Technology/Technician38%
39Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR Public · 1 feeder programs
13Forestry, Other70%77%
40Cuyamaca College
El Cajon, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
11Plant Nursery Operations and Management41%
41Montgomery Community College
Troy, NC Public · 1 feeder programs
11Forest Technology/Technician84%
42Duke University
Durham, NC Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
10Forestry, General97%$16,2606%
43Lanier Technical College
Gainesville, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
10Plant Nursery Operations and Management34%
44Augusta Technical College
Augusta, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
9Plant Nursery Operations and Management31%
45Lake Tahoe Community College
South Lake Tahoe, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
9Forestry, General45%
46New Mexico Highlands University
Las Vegas, NM Public · 1 feeder programs
9Forestry, General26%
47Bakersfield College
Bakersfield, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
8Forestry, General21%
48Itawamba Community College
Fulton, MS Public · 1 feeder programs
8Forest Technology/Technician50%
49Pennsylvania State University - Penn State Mont Alto
Mont Alto, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
8Forest Technology/Technician34%98%
50SOWELA Technical Community College
Lake Charles, LA Public · 1 feeder programs
8Forest Technology/Technician43%

What forest and conservation workers earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$43,680
Mean annual
$43,680
Median hourly
$21.00/hr
People employed
6,050
What the range looks like
10th pct$33,780Median$43,68090th pct$57,220

Top-paying metro areas

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH
$51,300median
80 jobs
Pittsburgh, PA
$51,330median
30 jobs
Cleveland, OH
$48,470median
Rapid City, SD
$50,110median
40 jobs
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ
$45,530median
30 jobs
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
$45,510median
220 jobs
Salinas, CA
$43,680median
50 jobs
Columbus, OH
$47,730median
40 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
-4.7%
Decline
Openings per year
2,000
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
-500
10,800 → 10,300
Typical entry education
High school diploma or equivalent
Plus moderate-term on-the-job training

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
California$43,6802,2703.20×23483
Floridalimited$36,780700.17×2138
Georgia$34,1501600.85×12106
Virginialimited$54,560192
Texaslimited$30,470286
North Carolina500.24×579
Wisconsinlimited$36,4203002.58×179
Washington$44,4304603.34×557
Louisianamoderate$39,9001501.93×351
Coloradolimited$37,6901101.00×143
Tennesseelimited$40,3202101.62×238
Pennsylvanialimited$50,2502100.90×227
Arkansasmoderate$47,310300.67×326
Idaholimited$59,460126
Minnesotalimited$39,590300.27×225
Oregonmoderate$46,010700.97×421
Hawaiilimited$56,330602.58×117
South Carolinalimited$44,050400.48×113
New Mexicolimited$36,370300.99×19
Missourilimited$37,1701201.09×12

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Check equipment to ensure that it is operating properly.
  • Fight forest fires or perform prescribed burning tasks under the direction of fire suppression officers or forestry technicians.
  • Perform fire protection or suppression duties, such as constructing fire breaks or disposing of brush.
  • Confer with other workers to discuss issues, such as safety, cutting heights, or work needs.
  • Maintain tallies of trees examined and counted during tree marking or measuring efforts.
  • Explain or enforce regulations regarding camping, vehicle use, fires, use of buildings, or sanitation.
  • Operate skidders, bulldozers, or other prime movers to pull a variety of scarification or site preparation equipment over areas to be regenerated.
  • Spray or inject vegetation with insecticides to kill insects or to protect against disease or with herbicides to reduce competing vegetation.

Skills

  • Critical Thinking3.1
  • Monitoring3.1
  • Active Learning3.0
  • Active Listening3.0
  • Reading Comprehension3.0
  • Speaking3.0
  • Writing2.6
  • Learning Strategies2.6

Knowledge areas

  • Public Safety and Security3.5
  • English Language3.5
  • Customer and Personal Service3.2
  • Administration and Management3.2
  • Geography3.0
  • Biology3.0

Abilities

  • Problem Sensitivity3.5
  • Oral Comprehension3.5
  • Static Strength3.3
  • Oral Expression3.3
  • Flexibility of Closure3.1
  • Multilimb Coordination3.1

Core activities

  • Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment4.5
  • Performing General Physical Activities4.2
  • Getting Information4.0
  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates4.0
  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems3.8
  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings3.8

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
ESRI ArcGIS softwarehotMicrosoft AccesshotMicrosoft ExcelhotMicrosoft Office softwarehotMicrosoft OutlookhotMicrosoft PowerPointhotMicrosoft ProjecthotMicrosoft WindowshotMicrosoft WordhotDatabase software

How to get in

How to become a Forest

Job zone 2 of 5 · SVP Below 6.0
Typical entry education
High school diploma or equivalent
On-the-job training
Moderate-term on-the-job training

Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.

Ranges from a few days to one year of on-the-job training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 4 majors mapped to Forest and Conservation Workers4 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 01.0606Plant Nursery Operations and Management
  • 03.0501Forestry, General
  • 03.0511Forest Technology/Technician
  • 03.0599Forestry, Other

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become a Forest?+

High school diploma or equivalent is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Forestry, General, which awarded 1,235 degrees in 2024-25, 70.1% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming a Forest?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 4 programs to this occupation. The largest are Forestry, Applied Horticulture and Horticultural Business Services. Together they graduate about 1,763 people a year.

How much do forest and conservation workers earn?+

The median is $43,680 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $33,780 at the 10th percentile to $57,220 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for forest and conservation workers growing?+

BLS projects a -4.7% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, decline, with roughly 2,000 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

100 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 4 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do forest and conservation workers work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Tree Farmer, Tree Planter, Forest Ranger, Forestry Support Specialist among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 45-4011.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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