Best degree programs for Refractory Materials Repairers, ranked by enrollment
1 college programs and 268 schools train Refractory Materials Repairers. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $61,290 median wage, 1,080 U.S. jobs. Federal data.
1 college programs at 268 schools train refractory materials repairers, graduating 9,155 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Industrial Mechanics and Maintenance Technology/Technician. The job pays a median of $61,290 (BLS OEWS May 2025).
About refractory materials repairers
Build or repair equipment such as furnaces, kilns, cupolas, boilers, converters, ladles, soaking pits, and ovens, using refractory materials.
Fields of study that lead to this job
Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.
1 degree programs that lead to this job
Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.
| # | Program | Graduates / yr | Share of pipeline | Schools | Grad earnings (1 yr) | Median debt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CIP 47.0303 | 9,155 | 100.0% | 268 | $51,920 | $9,786 |
Top 50 schools by graduates into this job
Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.
What refractory materials repairers earn
What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.
Top-paying states
Top-paying metro areas
Job outlook
Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.
Where the jobs are, state by state
Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.
| State | Median pay | Jobs | Concentration | Schools | Graduates / yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $47,650 | 110 | 7.68× | 16 | 933 |
| California | $77,220 | — | — | 22 | 671 |
| Indianalimited | $74,600 | 90 | 4.18× | 1 | 234 |
| Texas | $67,330 | 130 | 1.32× | 8 | 221 |
| Ohio | $58,470 | 250 | 6.50× | 12 | 126 |
| South Carolina | $37,870 | 50 | 2.94× | 6 | 114 |
Skills and tools
From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.
What they do day to day
- Reline or repair ladles and pouring spouts with refractory clay, using trowels.
- Chip slag from linings of ladles or remove linings when beyond repair, using hammers and chisels.
- Mix specified amounts of sand, clay, mortar powder, and water to form refractory clay or mortar, using shovels or mixing machines.
- Measure furnace walls to determine dimensions and cut required number of sheets from plastic block, using saws.
- Dry and bake new linings by placing inverted linings over burners, building fires in ladles, or by using blowtorches.
- Remove worn or damaged plastic block refractory linings of furnaces, using hand tools.
- Climb scaffolding, carrying hoses, and spray surfaces of cupolas with refractory mixtures, using spray equipment.
- Spread mortar on stopper heads and rods, using trowels, and slide brick sleeves over rods to form refractory jackets.
Skills
- Active Listening3.0
- Critical Thinking2.9
- Reading Comprehension2.9
- Monitoring2.8
- Speaking2.8
- Writing2.5
- Active Learning2.4
- Learning Strategies2.3
Knowledge areas
- Mechanical3.5
- Production and Processing3.0
- Public Safety and Security2.7
- English Language2.7
- Mathematics2.6
- Chemistry2.5
Abilities
- Arm-Hand Steadiness3.6
- Near Vision3.5
- Extent Flexibility3.5
- Manual Dexterity3.4
- Control Precision3.4
- Multilimb Coordination3.4
Core activities
- Handling and Moving Objects4.3
- Performing General Physical Activities4.0
- Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events3.8
- Making Decisions and Solving Problems3.7
- Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment3.7
- Getting Information3.7
Tools and technology
hotmarks an O*NET hot technologyHow to get in
How to become a Refractory Materials Repairer
Job zone 2 of 5 · SVP Below 6.0- Typical entry education
- High school diploma or equivalent
- On-the-job training
- Moderate-term on-the-job training
Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
Ranges from a few days to one year of on-the-job training.
Every major mapped to this job
The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.
All 1 majors mapped to Refractory Materials Repairers1 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
- 47.0303Industrial Mechanics and Maintenance Technology/Technician
Related careers
Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.
Common questions
What degree do you need to become a Refractory Materials Repairer?+
High school diploma or equivalent is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Industrial Mechanics and Maintenance Technology/Technician, which awarded 9,155 degrees in 2024-25, 100.0% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.
Which college majors lead to becoming a Refractory Materials Repairer?+
The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 1 programs to this occupation. The largest are Heavy/Industrial Equipment Maintenance Technologies/Technicians. Together they graduate about 9,155 people a year.
How much do refractory materials repairers earn?+
The median is $61,290 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $40,590 at the 10th percentile to $86,510 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.
Is demand for refractory materials repairers growing?+
BLS projects a -16.9% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, decline, with roughly 100 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.
How many schools offer programs for this career?+
268 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 1 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.
What other job titles do refractory materials repairers work under?+
Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Ladle Liner, Cupola Repairer, Refractory Bricklayer, Refractory Technician among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 49-9045.
About the data on this page
Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).
BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics
May 2025Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.
BLS Employment Projections
2024–34Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.
IPEDS Completions
2024-25 (provisional)Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.
College Scorecard, Field of Study
2020-21 cohortsMedian graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.
Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes
latest availableGraduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.
NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk
CIP 2020 / SOC 2018Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.
O*NET Database 30.3
30.3Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.
Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA
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