Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations·SOC 19-3011

Best degree programs for Economists, ranked by enrollment

16 college programs and 927 schools train Economists. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $124,720 median wage, 17,790 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

16 college programs at 927 schools train economists, graduating 56,382 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Econometrics and Quantitative Economics. The job pays a median of $124,720 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
56,382
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$124,720
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
+1.2%
Little or no change
Openings / yr
900
new plus replacement
Schools
927
with a feeder program
States with jobs
42
BLS reports wages

About economists

Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to address economic problems related to the production and distribution of goods and services or monetary and fiscal policy. May collect and process economic and statistical data using sampling techniques and econometric methods.

Also calledEconomistEconomic AnalystForensic EconomistResearch EconomistResource EconomistEconomic ConsultantEnvironmental EconomistNatural Resource EconomistTax EconomistEconometricianHome EconomistPolicy Advisor
Background

An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social science discipline of economics.

Read more on Wikipedia →

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

Social Sciences
CIP 45.06
Economics
43,773graduates / yr
638 schools · 6 specializations · 77.8% of pipeline
Grad earnings $51,725
Mathematics And Statistics
CIP 27.03
Applied Mathematics
5,694graduates / yr
127 schools · 1 specialization · 10.1% of pipeline
Grad earnings $60,930
Business, Management, Marketing, And Related Support Services
CIP 52.06
Business/Managerial Economics
3,971graduates / yr
194 schools · 1 specialization · 7.0% of pipeline
Grad earnings $53,269
Agricultural/Animal/Plant/Veterinary Science And Related Fields
CIP 01.01
Agricultural Business and Management
1,691graduates / yr
44 schools · 1 specialization · 3.0% of pipeline
Grad earnings $47,242
Natural Resources And Conservation
CIP 03.02
Environmental/Natural Resources Management and Policy
323graduates / yr
19 schools · 1 specialization · 0.6% of pipeline
Grad earnings $37,946
Social Sciences
CIP 45.10
Political Science and Government
275graduates / yr
21 schools · 1 specialization · 0.5% of pipeline
Grad earnings $35,631
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies
CIP 30.49
Mathematical Economics
189graduates / yr
11 schools · 1 specialization · 0.3% of pipeline
Grad earnings
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies
CIP 30.51
Philosophy
164graduates / yr
20 schools · 1 specialization · 0.3% of pipeline
Grad earnings
Health Professions And Related Programs
CIP 51.20
Pharmacy
150graduates / yr
16 schools · 1 specialization · 0.3% of pipeline
Grad earnings $48,728
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies
CIP 30.39
Economics and Computer Science
149graduates / yr
8 schools · 1 specialization · 0.3% of pipeline
Grad earnings
CIP 30.40
Economics and Foreign Language/Literature
3graduates / yr
1 schools · 1 specialization · 0.0% of pipeline
Grad earnings

16 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 45.0603
22,866
40.6%
320$51,725$22,907
2
CIP 45.0601
19,798
35.1%
638$51,725$22,907
3
CIP 27.0305
5,694
10.1%
127$60,930$21,143
4
CIP 52.0601
3,971
7.0%
194$53,269$21,962
5
CIP 01.0103
1,691
3.0%
44$47,242$19,964
6
CIP 45.0604
384
0.7%
42$51,725$22,907
7
CIP 45.0602
378
0.7%
28$51,725$22,907
8
CIP 03.0204
323
0.6%
19$37,946$24,125
9
CIP 45.1004
275
0.5%
21$35,631$23,538
10
CIP 45.0605
204
0.4%
18$51,725$22,907
11
CIP 30.4901
189
0.3%
11
12
CIP 30.5101
164
0.3%
20
13
CIP 51.2007
150
0.3%
16$48,728$23,761
14
CIP 30.3901
149
0.3%
8
15
Economics, Othermain feeder
CIP 45.0699
143
0.3%
24$51,725$22,907
16
Economics and Foreign Language/Literaturemain feeder
CIP 30.4001
3
0.0%
1

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1University of California - Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA Public · 3 feeder programs
1,071Econometrics and Quantitative Economics93%9%
2University of California - Berkeley
Berkeley, CA Public · 3 feeder programs
1,026Econometrics and Quantitative Economics93%11%
3University of Chicago
Chicago, IL Private not-for-profit · 4 feeder programs
935Econometrics and Quantitative Economics96%$13,3334%
4University of Wisconsin - Madison
Madison, WI Public · 5 feeder programs
870Economics, General90%45%
5University of Illinois Urbana - Champaign
Champaign, IL Public · 4 feeder programs
823Economics, General85%42%
6Texas A&M University - College Station
College Station, TX Public · 6 feeder programs
816Agricultural Economics84%57%
7University of California - Irvine
Irvine, CA Public · 5 feeder programs
750Business/Managerial Economics87%29%
8University of California - Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
731Econometrics and Quantitative Economics83%33%
9University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor, MI Public · 3 feeder programs
718Economics, General93%16%
10University of Southern California
Los Angeles, CA Private not-for-profit · 4 feeder programs
696Econometrics and Quantitative Economics92%$26,87310%
11The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX Public · 3 feeder programs
672Economics, General89%27%
12New York University
New York, NY Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
662Econometrics and Quantitative Economics88%$29,0239%
13Boston University
Boston, MA Private not-for-profit · 5 feeder programs
622Economics, General89%$21,95611%
14Columbia University in the City of New York
New York, NY Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
565Econometrics and Quantitative Economics96%$15,3154%
15University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT Public · 5 feeder programs
558Economics, General83%52%
16Cornell University
Ithaca, NY Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
515Agricultural Economics95%$17,6139%
17Ohio State University - Main Campus
Columbus, OH Public · 4 feeder programs
500Econometrics and Quantitative Economics88%61%
18Washington University in St Louis
St. Louis, MO Private not-for-profit · 5 feeder programs
479Financial Mathematics94%$14,12612%
19Boston College
Chestnut Hill, MA Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
474Econometrics and Quantitative Economics91%$21,12616%
20University of California - Davis
Davis, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
462Econometrics and Quantitative Economics86%42%
21Northeastern University
Boston, MA Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
456Econometrics and Quantitative Economics91%$18,9255%
22Harvard University
Cambridge, MA Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
429Econometrics and Quantitative Economics98%$15,0134%
23Northwestern University
Evanston, IL Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
426Econometrics and Quantitative Economics95%$14,7998%
24University of Florida
Gainesville, FL Public · 3 feeder programs
424Economics, General91%24%
25University of Virginia - Main Campus
Charlottesville, VA Public · 2 feeder programs
423Econometrics and Quantitative Economics96%17%
26Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, MD Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
411Econometrics and Quantitative Economics94%$11,8886%
27Fordham University
Bronx, NY Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
404Financial Mathematics82%$38,93159%
28University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC Public · 2 feeder programs
398Economics, General91%15%
29University of Maryland - College Park
College Park, MD Public · 3 feeder programs
396Econometrics and Quantitative Economics89%45%
30University of California - Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, CA Public · 4 feeder programs
393Business/Managerial Economics75%66%
31Utah State University
Logan, UT Public · 3 feeder programs
393Econometrics and Quantitative Economics59%92%
32University of California - San Diego
La Jolla, CA Public · 4 feeder programs
389Econometrics and Quantitative Economics86%27%
33Pennsylvania State University - Main Campus
University Park, PA Public · 3 feeder programs
388Econometrics and Quantitative Economics86%61%
34University of California - Riverside
Riverside, CA Public · 2 feeder programs
384Econometrics and Quantitative Economics76%76%
35University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN Public · 6 feeder programs
372Econometrics and Quantitative Economics85%80%
36University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Amherst, MA Public · 5 feeder programs
352Economics, General83%60%
37Yale University
New Haven, CT Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
350Econometrics and Quantitative Economics96%$27,0254%
38Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI Public · 4 feeder programs
346Economics, General81%85%
39Binghamton University
Vestal, NY Public · 3 feeder programs
345Economics, General82%39%
40University of Utah
Salt Lake City, UT Public · 3 feeder programs
342Econometrics and Quantitative Economics65%86%
41Southern Methodist University
Dallas, TX Private not-for-profit · 4 feeder programs
332Economics, General84%$33,24663%
42Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
318Econometrics and Quantitative Economics94%$14,8546%
43Purdue University - Main Campus
West Lafayette, IN Public · 6 feeder programs
311Econometrics and Quantitative Economics83%50%
44Georgetown University
Washington, DC Private not-for-profit · 4 feeder programs
294Econometrics and Quantitative Economics95%$22,24213%
45Duke University
Durham, NC Private not-for-profit · 3 feeder programs
293Econometrics and Quantitative Economics97%$16,2606%
46Florida State University
Tallahassee, FL Public · 3 feeder programs
293Econometrics and Quantitative Economics86%24%
47University of Georgia
Athens, GA Public · 4 feeder programs
284Business/Managerial Economics90%38%
48University of Washington - Seattle Campus
Seattle, WA Public · 2 feeder programs
276Econometrics and Quantitative Economics85%39%
49Southern New Hampshire University
Manchester, NH Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
272Economics, General43%$34,565100%
50Rutgers University - New Brunswick
New Brunswick, NJ Public · 4 feeder programs
270Economics, General84%58%

What economists earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$124,720
Mean annual
$142,130
Median hourly
$59.96/hr
People employed
17,790
What the range looks like
10th pct$67,360Median$124,72090th pct$238,060

Top-paying metro areas

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ
$176,090median
850 jobs
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
$156,750median
4,570 jobs
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
$152,130median
120 jobs
St. Louis, MO-IL
$132,630median
90 jobs
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA
$151,510median
200 jobs
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD
$139,530median
220 jobs
Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD
$152,730median
110 jobs
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA
$117,920median
40 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
+1.2%
Little or no change
Openings per year
900
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
200
17,600 → 17,800
Typical entry education
Master's degree

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
California$119,4108600.41×15413,261
New York$136,6609100.82×745,466
Massachusetts$106,3801,0302.48×404,048
Texas$121,4205600.34×453,270
Pennsylvania$115,0005600.81×572,287
Florida$102,4305000.44×231,677
Virginia$137,5909502.01×281,394
Connecticut$101,4002101.09×161,386
North Carolina$136,1502900.52×231,371
Michigan$106,3503200.63×241,350
Ohio$120,0001400.22×331,312
Maryland$144,6801,1303.56×171,281
Wisconsin$84,0002800.83×181,138
Utah500.26×91,073
Georgia$122,5702600.46×181,006
Missouri$117,0102800.84×18979
Indiana$80,750800.21×20929
New Jersey$167,5502800.57×18895
Colorado$121,4102400.74×19867
Minnesota$105,1205001.48×24667
Arizona$79,6103400.90×12637
Washington$109,3004501.10×15632
Tennessee$117,650800.21×15623
District of Columbia$167,5903,00037.34×7616
New Hampshire$86,130500.69×5510
Oregon$122,1203201.43×13387
Kentucky$71,4001000.42×13321
Maine$91,480700.90×6320
Louisiana$73,0501400.64×9289
Alabama$129,960400.15×9286
Kansas$138,790800.50×9285
Iowa$96,310700.40×17280
Oklahoma$89,980800.40×6172
Arkansas$91,560500.31×8139
Nebraska$75,880900.74×5116
Hawaiilimited$83,050500.71×1111
Nevadamoderate$91,340700.42×3107
Delawarelimited$159,120701.22×197
Idaho$131,2701301.31×687
New Mexicolimited1201.20×282
Montanalimited$89,340901.58×250
Alaskalimited$111,040802.18×16

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
  • Compile, analyze, and report data to explain economic phenomena and forecast market trends, applying mathematical models and statistical techniques.
  • Study the socioeconomic impacts of new public policies, such as proposed legislation, taxes, services, and regulations.
  • Explain economic impact of policies to the public.
  • Review documents written by others.
  • Provide advice and consultation on economic relationships to businesses, public and private agencies, and other employers.
  • Formulate recommendations, policies, or plans to solve economic problems or to interpret markets.
  • Supervise research projects and students' study projects.

Skills

  • Reading Comprehension4.1
  • Critical Thinking4.1
  • Writing4.1
  • Mathematics4.1
  • Active Listening4.0
  • Active Learning3.8
  • Speaking3.8
  • Monitoring3.3

Knowledge areas

  • Mathematics4.6
  • Economics and Accounting4.4
  • English Language4.0
  • Computers and Electronics3.7
  • Education and Training3.1
  • Law and Government2.9

Abilities

  • Written Comprehension4.2
  • Mathematical Reasoning4.1
  • Oral Expression4.0
  • Oral Comprehension4.0
  • Inductive Reasoning4.0
  • Written Expression4.0

Core activities

  • Analyzing Data or Information4.9
  • Getting Information4.7
  • Working with Computers4.7
  • Processing Information4.5
  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge4.3
  • Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others4.3

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
C++hotIBM SPSS StatisticshotMicrosoft AccesshotMicrosoft ExcelhotMicrosoft Office softwarehotMicrosoft OutlookhotMicrosoft PowerPointhotMicrosoft SQL ServerhotMicrosoft Visual BasichotMicrosoft Visual Basic for Applications VBAhot

How to get in

How to become a Economist

Job zone 5 of 5 · SVP 8.0 and above
Typical entry education
Master's degree

Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).

Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.

Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 16 majors mapped to Economists16 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 01.0103Agricultural Economics
  • 03.0204Environmental/Natural Resource Economics
  • 27.0305Financial Mathematics
  • 30.3901Economics and Computer Science
  • 30.4001Economics and Foreign Language/Literature
  • 30.4901Mathematical Economics
  • 30.5101Philosophy, Politics, and Economics
  • 45.0601Economics, General
  • 45.0602Applied Economics
  • 45.0603Econometrics and Quantitative Economics
  • 45.0604Development Economics and International Development
  • 45.0605International Economics
  • 45.0699Economics, Other
  • 45.1004Political Economy
  • 51.2007Pharmacoeconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics
  • 52.0601Business/Managerial Economics

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become an Economist?+

Master's degree is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Econometrics and Quantitative Economics, which awarded 22,866 degrees in 2024-25, 40.6% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming an Economist?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 16 programs to this occupation. The largest are Economics, Applied Mathematics, Business/Managerial Economics, Agricultural Business and Management, plus 7 more. Together they graduate about 56,382 people a year.

How much do economists earn?+

The median is $124,720 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $67,360 at the 10th percentile to $238,060 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for economists growing?+

BLS projects a +1.2% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, little or no change, with roughly 900 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

927 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 16 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do economists work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Economist, Economic Analyst, Forensic Economist, Research Economist, Resource Economist, Economic Consultant among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 19-3011.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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