Sales and Related Occupations·SOC 41-4012

Best degree programs for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, ranked by enrollment

6 college programs and 242 schools train Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing. Compare graduates per year, cost and pay, $72,080 median wage, 1,238,190 U.S. jobs. Federal data.

6 college programs at 242 schools train sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, graduating 6,900 people a year (IPEDS completions). The largest is Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General. The job pays a median of $72,080 (BLS OEWS May 2025).

Graduates / yr
6,900
from every feeder program
Median annual wage
$72,080
BLS OEWS May 2025
Projected growth
+0.3%
Little or no change
Openings / yr
114,800
new plus replacement
Schools
242
with a feeder program
States with jobs
41
BLS reports wages

About sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing

Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.

Also calledSalesmanSales ConsultantOutside Sales RepresentativeSales Representative (Sales Rep)ExporterImporterConsigneeDistributorSalespersonMetal DealerScrap DealerWool Merchant

Fields of study that lead to this job

Grouped at the 4-digit CIP level, the tier our program pages are built on. Numbers are graduates per year.

6 degree programs that lead to this job

Ranked by graduates per year (IPEDS completions). Graduate earnings and debt are College Scorecard figures for people who finished the program, reported at the 4-digit CIP level, so specializations within one field share a figure. That is a different measurement from the occupation-wide wages further down this page.

Degree programs that lead to this occupation, ranked by graduates per year
#ProgramGraduates / yrShare of pipelineSchoolsGrad earnings (1 yr)Median debt
1
CIP 52.1801
3,572
51.8%
138$50,281$24,250
2
CIP 52.1902
2,552
37.0%
84$35,157$26,750
3
CIP 01.0105
269
3.9%
12$47,242$19,964
4
CIP 52.1899
229
3.3%
12$50,281$24,250
5
CIP 52.1909
204
3.0%
8$35,157$26,750
6
CIP 52.1904
74
1.1%
8$35,157$26,750

Top 50 schools by graduates into this job

Counting every feeder program a school offers, not just its largest one.

Schools ranked by graduates per year into this occupation
#SchoolGraduates / yrTop feeder programGrad rateNet priceAcceptance
1Fashion Institute of Technology
New York, NY Public · 2 feeder programs
1,009Fashion Merchandising81%60%
2CUNY Bernard M Baruch College
New York, NY Public · 1 feeder programs
540Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General72%48%
3New York University
New York, NY Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
521Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General88%$29,0239%
4Texas A&M University - College Station
College Station, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
292Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General84%57%
5West Chester University of Pennsylvania
West Chester, PA Public · 1 feeder programs
197Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General71%78%
6Kent State University at Kent
Kent, OH Public · 1 feeder programs
192Fashion Merchandising64%86%
7University of Missouri - Columbia
Columbia, MO Public · 2 feeder programs
161General Merchandising, Sales, and Related Marketing Operations, Other75%78%
8Santa Monica College
Santa Monica, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
159Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General36%
9Des Moines Area Community College
Ankeny, IA Public · 3 feeder programs
127Agricultural/Farm Supplies Retailing and Wholesaling39%
10Greenville Technical College
Greenville, SC Public · 1 feeder programs
106Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General21%
11LIM College
New York, NY Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
105Fashion Merchandising51%$37,01496%
12Kirkwood Community College
Cedar Rapids, IA Public · 2 feeder programs
93Agricultural/Farm Supplies Retailing and Wholesaling43%
13Marist University
Poughkeepsie, NY Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
84Fashion Merchandising80%$33,86757%
14Texas State University
San Marcos, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
82Fashion Merchandising55%89%
15CUNY New York City College of Technology
Brooklyn, NY Public · 1 feeder programs
81Fashion Merchandising21%80%
16Cerritos College
Norwalk, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
80Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General31%
17Saint Joseph's University - Philadelphia
Philadelphia, PA Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
80Special Products Marketing Operations79%$34,41889%
18University of Georgia
Athens, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
76Fashion Merchandising90%38%
19University of North Texas
Denton, TX Public · 1 feeder programs
72Fashion Merchandising61%72%
20Dallas College
Dallas, TX Public · 2 feeder programs
63Special Products Marketing Operations32%
21Baylor University
Waco, TX Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
62Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General80%$35,68251%
22Southern New Hampshire University
Manchester, NH Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
62Fashion Merchandising43%$34,565100%
23Hawkeye Community College
Waterloo, IA Public · 2 feeder programs
61Agricultural/Farm Supplies Retailing and Wholesaling43%
24Orange Coast College
Costa Mesa, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
61Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General48%
25Texas Christian University
Fort Worth, TX Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
59Fashion Merchandising86%$25,82344%
26Ohio University - Main Campus
Athens, OH Public · 1 feeder programs
57Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General65%85%
27University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN Public · 1 feeder programs
51Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General85%80%
28Georgia State University
Atlanta, GA Public · 2 feeder programs
49General Merchandising, Sales, and Related Marketing Operations, Other53%55%
29Los Angeles Valley College
Valley Glen, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
48Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General32%
30Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw, GA Public · 1 feeder programs
45Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General52%69%
31Midlands Technical College
West Columbia, SC Public · 1 feeder programs
44Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General18%
32College of the Canyons
Santa Clarita, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
39Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General45%
33Century College
White Bear Lake, MN Public · 1 feeder programs
38Special Products Marketing Operations31%
34Drexel University
Philadelphia, PA Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
38Fashion Merchandising78%$36,00479%
35High Point University
High Point, NC Private not-for-profit · 2 feeder programs
35Fashion Merchandising74%$37,07275%
36Ana G. Mendez University
Orlando, FL Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
31Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General
37Diablo Valley College
Pleasant Hill, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
31Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General49%
38Rutgers University - Newark
Newark, NJ Public · 1 feeder programs
31Apparel and Accessories Marketing Operations64%71%
39Pasadena City College
Pasadena, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
30Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General48%
40Chippewa Valley Technical College
Eau Claire, WI Public · 1 feeder programs
29Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General50%
41City College of San Francisco
San Francisco, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
29Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General40%
42Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Green Bay, WI Public · 1 feeder programs
29Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General51%
43Rochester Institute of Technology
Rochester, NY Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
29Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General70%$28,13367%
44Sierra College
Rocklin, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
28Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General42%
45Johnson & Wales University - Online
Providence, RI Private not-for-profit · 1 feeder programs
27Fashion Merchandising0%$21,98191%
46Sullivan University
Louisville, KY Private for-profit · 1 feeder programs
27General Merchandising, Sales, and Related Marketing Operations, Other71%$29,703
47Bowling Green State University - Main Campus
Bowling Green, OH Public · 1 feeder programs
26Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General64%81%
48Minnesota State Community and Technical College
Fergus Falls, MN Public · 1 feeder programs
26Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General47%
49Saddleback College
Mission Viejo, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
26Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General48%
50Ventura College
Ventura, CA Public · 1 feeder programs
26Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General38%

What sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing earn

What people already working in this job earn (BLS OEWS May 2025). Not graduate earnings.

Median annual wage
$72,080
Mean annual
$82,530
Median hourly
$34.65/hr
People employed
1,238,190
What the range looks like
10th pct$39,090Median$72,08090th pct$137,550

Top-paying metro areas

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
$103,670median
6,530 jobs
Manchester-Nashua, NH
$75,090median
1,040 jobs
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
$93,100median
13,190 jobs
Lawton, OK
$124,340median
320 jobs
Napa, CA
$100,460median
790 jobs
Trenton-Princeton, NJ
$84,920median
900 jobs
Boulder, CO
$84,660median
1,880 jobs
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
$82,260median
16,510 jobs

Job outlook

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections, 2024 to 2034.

Projected growth 2024–34
+0.3%
Little or no change
Openings per year
114,800
new jobs plus replacements
Employment change
4,400
1,310,500 → 1,314,900
Typical entry education
High school diploma or equivalent
Plus moderate-term on-the-job training

Where the jobs are, state by state

Pick a state for in-state pay, the schools there, and the programs they run.

This occupation state by state: pay, jobs, and schools
StateMedian payJobsConcentrationSchoolsGraduates / yr
New York$79,59061,5000.80×192,500
California$76,490134,8000.93×57955
Texas$65,97095,6700.85×12691
Pennsylvania$66,13051,2701.06×11389
Iowa$66,76016,9901.37×13334
Ohio$73,96058,7401.33×8321
Missouri$61,94021,9600.94×7227
Wisconsin$65,93037,7001.61×16209
South Carolina$64,25022,0101.20×7188
Minnesota$76,75031,2301.33×11172
Georgiamoderate$63,86043,6301.12×4171
Michigan$72,98040,9601.17×977
Florida$62,49092,9201.18×573
New Hampshirelimited$72,7904,9400.91×162
New Jerseymoderate$79,41034,3601.01×355
Kentuckylimited$64,28015,5500.98×252
Rhode Islandmoderate$82,4204,8701.22×346
Illinois$73,51051,3101.06×743
North Carolinamoderate$70,99049,1101.25×439
Kansasmoderate$68,96012,6301.10×334
Massachusettsmoderate$79,81022,7000.78×431
Virginiamoderate$63,40022,5700.69×324
Connecticutlimited$75,5709,8700.73×123
New Mexicolimited$61,3203,6600.53×120
Oregonlimited$74,18015,0200.96×220
Indianalimited$71,33032,3501.27×219
Tennesseemoderate$61,63023,8500.91×317
Arkansaslimited$55,12012,7401.23×216
Utahmoderate$61,98013,9001.01×415
Idaholimited$64,8407,2101.06×112
Washingtonlimited$79,83027,3400.97×212
Arizonalimited$72,39019,4000.75×28
Marylandlimited$73,0809,0700.41×18
North Dakotalimited$74,2504,1801.22×18
Alabamalimited$64,14020,4701.22×15
Coloradolimited$79,25027,5301.20×15
Oklahomalimited$62,16014,2201.05×15
Mississippimoderate$59,3207,0000.76×34
District of Columbialimited$80,0105600.10×13
Mainelimited$63,9603,3200.65×12
Louisianalimited$63,29019,1201.24×11

Skills and tools

From O*NET, the U.S. Department of Labor's occupational database. Importance is a 1 to 5 scale.

What they do day to day

  • Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms.
  • Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests.
  • Estimate or quote prices, credit or contract terms, warranties, and delivery dates.
  • Consult with clients after sales or contract signings to resolve problems and to provide ongoing support.
  • Prepare sales contracts and order forms.
  • Provide customers with product samples and catalogs.
  • Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales.
  • Perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports.

Skills

  • Active Listening4.0
  • Speaking4.0
  • Critical Thinking3.5
  • Reading Comprehension3.4
  • Writing3.3
  • Monitoring3.1
  • Active Learning3.1
  • Mathematics2.3

Knowledge areas

  • Sales and Marketing4.9
  • Customer and Personal Service4.8
  • English Language4.4
  • Mathematics3.9
  • Transportation3.7
  • Computers and Electronics3.2

Abilities

  • Oral Expression4.0
  • Speech Clarity3.9
  • Oral Comprehension3.9
  • Written Comprehension3.8
  • Speech Recognition3.8
  • Written Expression3.6

Core activities

  • Selling or Influencing Others4.9
  • Getting Information4.5
  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems4.4
  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge4.4
  • Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships4.3
  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates4.2

Tools and technology

hotmarks an O*NET hot technology
Adobe AcrobathotAdobe Creative Cloud softwarehotAdobe IllustratorhotAdobe InDesignhotAdobe PhotoshophotApple macOShotAutodesk AutoCADhotCisco WebexhotEclipse IDEhotEpic Systemshot

How to get in

How to become a Sales Representative

Job zone 4 of 5 · SVP 7.0 to < 8.0
Typical entry education
High school diploma or equivalent
On-the-job training
Moderate-term on-the-job training

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.

Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.

Every major mapped to this job

The official federal mapping behind the rankings above.

All 6 majors mapped to Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing6 of them graduated someone in the latest IPEDS year. NCES CIP 2020 → SOC 2018 crosswalk.+
  • 01.0105Agricultural/Farm Supplies Retailing and Wholesaling
  • 52.1801Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General
  • 52.1899General Merchandising, Sales, and Related Marketing Operations, Other
  • 52.1902Fashion Merchandising
  • 52.1904Apparel and Accessories Marketing Operations
  • 52.1909Special Products Marketing Operations

Related careers

Jobs O*NET identifies as close to this one, with their own pay and outlook.

Common questions

What degree do you need to become a Sales Representative?+

High school diploma or equivalent is the typical entry-level education BLS reports for this occupation. The most common program people actually graduate from is Sales, Distribution, and Marketing Operations, General, which awarded 3,572 degrees in 2024-25, 51.8% of everyone graduating from a program that feeds this career.

Which college majors lead to becoming a Sales Representative?+

The NCES CIP-to-SOC crosswalk maps 6 programs to this occupation. The largest are General Sales, Specialized Sales, Agricultural Business and Management. Together they graduate about 6,900 people a year.

How much do sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing earn?+

The median is $72,080 a year (BLS OEWS May 2025). The middle range runs from $39,090 at the 10th percentile to $137,550 at the 90th. This is pay for people already working in the occupation, not the same thing as graduate earnings one year after finishing a degree.

Is demand for sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing growing?+

BLS projects a +0.3% change in employment between 2024 and 2034, little or no change, with roughly 114,800 openings a year nationally once retirements and job changes are counted.

How many schools offer programs for this career?+

242 institutions reported graduates from at least one of the 6 programs that feed this occupation in IPEDS 2024-25. Rankings on this page use graduates per year, because the federal data publishes no enrollment count by program.

What other job titles do sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing work under?+

Employers advertise this work under many names. O*NET records Salesman, Sales Consultant, Outside Sales Representative, Sales Representative (Sales Rep) among the most commonly reported, all mapping to SOC 41-4012.

About the data on this page

Rankings use IPEDS completions 2024-25, degrees awarded per year. That is the closest federal measure of how many people a program puts into a career, because no federal dataset publishes enrollment by program. Wages and employment come from BLS OEWS May 2025, growth and openings from BLS Employment Projections 2024-34, and which majors lead to which jobs from the NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk. Occupation descriptions, tasks, skills and tools are O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor/ETA).

  • BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics

    May 2025

    Wages, employment counts, location quotients and metro breakdowns.

  • BLS Employment Projections

    2024–34

    Projected growth, annual openings and typical entry-level education.

  • IPEDS Completions

    2024-25 (provisional)

    Graduates per year by program and institution — the ranking metric.

  • College Scorecard, Field of Study

    2020-21 cohorts

    Median graduate earnings one year after completion, and median debt.

  • Census Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes

    latest available

    Graduate earnings 1/5/10 years out, where the state participates.

  • NCES CIP 2020 and the CIP-to-SOC 2018 crosswalk

    CIP 2020 / SOC 2018

    Which college programs officially lead to this occupation.

  • O*NET Database 30.3

    30.3

    Tasks, skills, knowledge, tools, job zone and alternate job titles.

    Official source →CC BY 4.0, U.S. Department of Labor / ETA

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